Dioscorides
Greek pharmacology founder
Dioscorides was a Greek physician of the first century CE whose work *De Materia Medica* catalogued hundreds of plants and their medicinal properties.
The text remained the authoritative reference on pharmacology for over 1,500 years.
His name appears in botanical and medical history as the founder of systematic drug classification.
Licensed medical doctor
- pharmacopoeiaOfficial drug reference guide
- dosageMeasured medicine amount
- antidotesAgents reversing toxic effects
- poisonsHarmful ingested substances
remedies · treatments · prescriptions · healing · drug effects · medicinal properties · simples · apothecary
Plant-based healing tradition
- medicinal plantsFlora with healing properties
- botanyScience of flora
- pharmacologyStudy of drug actions
- herbal remediesPlant-based medicinal preparations
taxonomy · flora · specimens · classification · nomenclature · plant identification · botanical illustration · therapeutic herbs
Ancient bound manuscript
- illuminatedMade visible by light
- ByzantineOf Constantinople's civilization
- illustrationsPictures explaining text
- vellumPrepared calfskin for writing
scribes · transmission · preservation · herbals · Constantinople · botanical drawings · dedication · parchment
Ancient state from Augustus onward
- first centuryYears 1-100 AD
- NeroTyrannical first-century ruler
- army surgeonMilitary medical officer
- antiquityGreat age, ancient era
Greek physician · ancient world · classical era · Mediterranean · Roman legions · biographical · historical figure · Greco-Roman
Classical Roman-era physician
- referencedMentioned as a source
- commentariesExplanatory notes on texts
- translationsConverted linguistic texts
physician
Licensed medical doctor
- pharmacopoeiaOfficial drug reference guide
- dosageMeasured medicine amount
- antidotesAgents reversing toxic effects
poisons · remedies · treatments · prescriptions · healing · drug effects · medicinal properties · simples · apothecary · medical practice
herbalism
Plant-based healing tradition
- medicinal plantsFlora with healing properties
- botanyScience of flora
- pharmacologyStudy of drug actions
herbal remedies · taxonomy · flora · specimens · classification · nomenclature · plant identification · botanical illustration · therapeutic herbs · plant catalog
codex
Ancient bound manuscript
- illuminatedMade visible by light
- ByzantineOf Constantinople's civilization
- illustrationsPictures explaining text
vellum · scribes · transmission · preservation · herbals · Constantinople · botanical drawings · dedication · parchment · folios
Roman Empire
Ancient state from Augustus onward
- first centuryYears 1-100 AD
- NeroTyrannical first-century ruler
- army surgeonMilitary medical officer
antiquity · Greek physician · ancient world · classical era · Mediterranean · Roman legions · biographical · historical figure · Greco-Roman · ancient science
Galen
Classical Roman-era physician
- referencedMentioned as a source
- commentariesExplanatory notes on texts
- translationsConverted linguistic texts
- natural historynatural history, natural history museum, naturalist, naturalists, natural philosophers
- ancient medicinephysicians, healers, Hippocratic Oath, Hippocratic oath, four humors
- BotanistsCarl Linnaeus, plant collector, plant scientist, ethnobotanist, paleobotanist
- Ancient ArtistsMyron, Demetrius, Apollonius, Imhotep
- ancient pharmacypharmacopoeia, apothecary, medicinal herbs, medicinal plants, herbal remedies
- Ancient PhysiciansHippocrates, Galen, Andreas, Avicenna, Imhotep
DioscoridesPlato
Greek philosopher, academy founder
Socrates · Heraclitus · Pythagoras · metaphysician · Aristotle