z-scores

Normal distribution measures

A z-score measures how many standard deviations a data point lies from the mean of its distribution.

A z-score of zero means the value equals the mean; positive scores fall above it, negative below.

Z-scores allow comparison across different scales: Her test score had a z-score of 1.5, meaning she outperformed most students.

Also called standard scores.

statistics

standard deviation

Spread around the mean

meanAverage, or spiteful
normalizationAdjusting to a standard
bell curveNormal distribution's shape

distribution · outliers · variance · probability · percentile · standardization · confidence interval · skewness · hypothesis testing · statistical significance

assessment

benchmarking

Measuring against top performers

comparisonAssessment of similarities
rankingOrdered position assignment
percentileStatistical ranking threshold

norms · evaluation · metrics · baseline · rating · performance · criteria · indicators · standardized testing · grading

Categories

statisticsmean, median, mode, variance, standard deviation
growth assessmentheight, weight chart, height measurement, growth chart, growth charts
Growth Chartspercentiles, height, weight, head size, BMI
grading termsmint, near mint, excellent, very good, good
body measurementsheight, weight, waist circumference, head circumference, shoulder width
teststest, tests, exam, exams, quiz

Opposites

standardization

z-scoresraw scores

Unmodified measurement values

raw data · absolute values

reference point

z-scoresabsolute values

Signless numerical distances

t-scores · counts

distributional reference frame

z-scorespercentiles

Hundredth-fraction rank markers

t-scores · quartiles · deciles

Family

z-score, score, scores, scored, scoring, scorer, scorers, scorecard, scoreboard

Familiarity: Top 500,000
Profile: Used worldwide · Timeless · Abstract · Rated G