theophylline
Airway relaxing compound
Theophylline is a medication used to treat respiratory conditions, particularly asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
It relaxes the muscles in the airways and lungs, making breathing easier.
Found naturally in tea and cocoa in small amounts, therapeutic doses require careful monitoring because the margin between effective and toxic levels is narrow.
Bitter stimulant from cacao
- purineTwo-fused-ring nitrogenous base
- adenosinePurine nucleoside in cells
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
- adeninePurine nucleobase in DNA
nucleotide · enzyme · inhibition · biochemistry · metabolism · cellular · derivative · compound
Quantity of medicine
- serum levelsMeasured amounts in plasma
- toxicityCapacity to cause harm
- half-lifePeriod for fifty-percent reduction
- bioavailabilityFraction reaching active circulation
pharmacokinetics · clearance · metabolism · hepatic · interaction · monitoring · loading dose · oral
Respiratory or flight paths
- breathingPulmonary gas exchange
- bronchospasmInvoluntary narrowing of airways
- bronchiMain lung air passages
- pulmonaryOf the lungs
respiratory · wheezing · dyspnea · relaxation · smooth muscle · dilation · airflow · obstruction
Harsh, whistling respiration
- inhalerPortable respiratory medication device
- nebulizerMist-making breathing apparatus
- flare-upSudden recurrence of symptoms
- inflammationProtective tissue response
allergens · breathlessness · coughing · mucus · pulmonologist · maintenance · prophylaxis · nocturnal
Active mental awareness
- wakefulnessState of being conscious
- central nervous systemBrain plus spinal cord
- arousalStirring to heightened state
- insomniaPersistent inability to rest
tremor · restlessness · anxiety · palpitations · diuretic
Damaged lung air sacs
- bronchitisInflamed airway disease
- obstructionSomething blocking the way
- exacerbationMaking something more severe
- oxygenElement eight, colorless gas
ventilator · smoking · lung function · chronic · progressive · dyspnea · hospitalization · supplemental
theobromine
Bitter stimulant from cacao
- purineTwo-fused-ring nitrogenous base
- adenosinePurine nucleoside in cells
- guaninePurine nucleobase in DNA
adenine · nucleotide · enzyme · inhibition · biochemistry · metabolism · cellular · derivative · compound · synthesis
dose
Quantity of medicine
- serum levelsMeasured amounts in plasma
- toxicityCapacity to cause harm
- half-lifePeriod for fifty-percent reduction
bioavailability · pharmacokinetics · clearance · metabolism · hepatic · interaction · monitoring · loading dose · oral · intravenous
airways
Respiratory or flight paths
- breathingPulmonary gas exchange
- bronchospasmInvoluntary narrowing of airways
- bronchiMain lung air passages
pulmonary · respiratory · wheezing · dyspnea · relaxation · smooth muscle · dilation · airflow · obstruction · constriction
wheezing
Harsh, whistling respiration
- inhalerPortable respiratory medication device
- nebulizerMist-making breathing apparatus
- flare-upSudden recurrence of symptoms
inflammation · allergens · breathlessness · coughing · mucus · pulmonologist · maintenance · prophylaxis · nocturnal · exercise-induced
alertness
Active mental awareness
- wakefulnessState of being conscious
- central nervous systemBrain plus spinal cord
- arousalStirring to heightened state
insomnia · tremor · restlessness · anxiety · palpitations · diuretic
emphysema
Damaged lung air sacs
- bronchitisInflamed airway disease
- obstructionSomething blocking the way
- exacerbationMaking something more severe
oxygen · ventilator · smoking · lung function · chronic · progressive · dyspnea · hospitalization · supplemental
- stimulantsamphetamine, amphetamines, methamphetamine, cocaine, crack
- alkaloidsmorphine, codeine, nicotine, theobromine, cocaine
- Drug Metaboliteshydromorphone, theobromine, N-acetylcysteine
- phytochemicalsflavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, alkaloid, phenolics
- purinesadenine, guanine, purines, theobromine, adenosine
- tertiary aminesnicotine, cocaine, atropine, scopolamine, quinine