freezing point
Ice begins here
Freezing point is the temperature at which a liquid becomes solid.
For pure water at standard atmospheric pressure, this is 0°C or 32°F.
Different substances have different freezing points, and dissolved materials lower it—hence salt on icy roads.
The freezing point of mercury is about -39°C.
Water's solid form
- frostThin ice coating
- winterYear's coldest quarter
- arcticOf extreme northern cold
- polarOf extreme latitudes
glacial · frigid · sub-zero · permafrost · icicle · frostbite · hypothermia · chill
Matter shifting between states
- crystallizationForming ordered solid structure
- solidificationTransition to firm state
- latent heatPhase transition thermal energy
- nucleationInitial cluster formation
supercooling · equilibrium · state change · molecular motion · heat transfer · energy release · ice formation · crystal structure
Engine cooling additive
- de-icingRemoving frozen accumulation
- windshieldVehicle's front glass
- food preservationProtecting edibles from rot
- cryopreservationLow-temperature biological preservation
ice cream making · frost protection · cold storage · refrigeration
Thermodynamic total heat quantity
- calorimetryMeasuring heat in reactions
- heat capacityEnergy to raise temperature
- antifreezeEngine cooling additive
Heat-measuring instrument
- absolute zeroTheoretical minimum temperature
- temperature scaleNumbered heat-measuring system
- calibrationAdjusting for measurement accuracy
- standardLevel of quality accepted
ice
Water's solid form
polar · glacial · frigid · sub-zero · permafrost · icicle · frostbite · hypothermia · chill · bitter cold
phase transition
Matter shifting between states
- crystallizationForming ordered solid structure
- solidificationTransition to firm state
- latent heatPhase transition thermal energy
nucleation · supercooling · equilibrium · state change · molecular motion · heat transfer · energy release · ice formation · crystal structure · hydrogen bonding
antifreeze
Engine cooling additive
- de-icingRemoving frozen accumulation
- windshieldVehicle's front glass
- food preservationProtecting edibles from rot
cryopreservation · ice cream making · frost protection · cold storage · refrigeration
enthalpy
Thermodynamic total heat quantity
- calorimetryMeasuring heat in reactions
- heat capacityEnergy to raise temperature
- antifreezeEngine cooling additive
thermometer
Heat-measuring instrument
- absolute zeroTheoretical minimum temperature
- temperature scaleNumbered heat-measuring system
- calibrationAdjusting for measurement accuracy
- Heat & Temperaturethermometer, degree, Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin
- limitslimit, limits, limitation, upper limit, lower limit
- temperature measurementsdegrees, Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin, fever
- Chemical PropertiespH, acidity, alkalinity, solubility, reactivity
- phase changesphase transition, phase change, sublimation, solidification, liquefaction
- Physical Limitsspeed of light, absolute zero, light speed, sound barrier, escape velocity
freezing pointboiling point
Vaporization threshold
flash point · melting point · ignition point · critical point
freeze, frozen, freezing, pointer, freezer, freezes, point, freezers, refreeze