filtration
Porous medium separation
Filtration is the process of passing a substance through a filter to remove unwanted particles or impurities.
Water undergoes filtration to become drinkable.
Coffee is made by filtration.
The word extends to any selective screening: the filtration of information, the filtration of job applicants.
In biology, kidneys perform filtration to remove waste from blood.
Thin tissue sheet
- osmosisSolvent crossing semipermeable barrier
- permeabilityAbility to transmit fluids
- porosityVoid space density
- sievingFiltering through mesh
straining · flux · flow · medium · gradient · pressure · percolation · retention
Mesh filtering utensil
- strainerPerforated draining vessel
- meshInterlocking open weave
- screenDisplay or barrier
- colanderKitchen bowl for draining
tamis · funnel · cheesecloth · perforated · aperture · cartridge · centrifuge
Pressure-driven membrane filtration
- biofiltrationPurification through living organisms
- adsorptionAccumulation on a surface
- diffusionPassive molecular spreading
- chromatographyTechnique separating mixtures by differential migration
dialysis · sedimentation · coagulation · flocculation · desalination · deionization · ozonation · activated carbon
Cleaning supply for consumption
- clarificationMaking meaning plain
- distillationPurification via vaporization
- detoxificationRemoving harmful substances internally
- sterilizationComplete elimination of microbes
disinfection · decontamination · refinement · polishing · sanitation · potable · effluent · wastewater
Blood-filtering organ
- renalOf the kidneys
- nephronKidney's filtration unit
- urineRenal excretion fluid
- dialysisMechanical blood filtration
liver · excretion · waste removal · creatinine · urea · glomerulus · tubular · plasma
membrane
Thin tissue sheet
- osmosisSolvent crossing semipermeable barrier
- permeabilityAbility to transmit fluids
- porosityVoid space density
sieving · straining · flux · flow · medium · gradient · pressure · percolation · retention · particulates
sieve
Mesh filtering utensil
colander · tamis · funnel · cheesecloth · perforated · aperture · cartridge · centrifuge
reverse osmosis
Pressure-driven membrane filtration
- biofiltrationPurification through living organisms
- adsorptionAccumulation on a surface
- diffusionPassive molecular spreading
chromatography · dialysis · sedimentation · coagulation · flocculation · desalination · deionization · ozonation · activated carbon · crossflow
water treatment
Cleaning supply for consumption
- clarificationMaking meaning plain
- distillationPurification via vaporization
- detoxificationRemoving harmful substances internally
sterilization · disinfection · decontamination · refinement · polishing · sanitation · potable · effluent · wastewater · drinking water
kidney
Blood-filtering organ
dialysis · liver · excretion · waste removal · creatinine · urea · glomerulus · tubular · plasma · peritoneal
- Aquatic Healthwater quality, algae blooms, parasites, tank maintenance, water testing
- water processesevaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, percolation
- Water Qualityclean water, pH, drinking water, safe water, turbidity
- Lab Techniquescentrifugation, electrophoresis, PCR, streak plate, microscopy
- separation processesdistillation, centrifuge, sedimentation, decanting, crystallization
- separation techniquesdistillation, centrifugation, chromatography, extraction, precipitation
filtrationmixing
Combining into one mass
blending · amalgamation · integration · homogenization · emulsification
filtrationcontamination
Introduction of impurities
pollution · adulteration · tainting · fouling · corruption
- filtration systemsEquipment removing unwanted particles
- water filtrationRemoving impurities from liquid
- air filtrationRemoving impurities from atmosphere
- filtration plantFacility purifying liquid supplies
- HEPA filtrationParticulate-capturing air technology