cross-subsidy
Profitable subsidizes unprofitable
Cross-subsidy is the practice of using profits or revenue from one product, service, or customer group to offset losses or reduce prices for another.
Companies and governments use cross-subsidies strategically: a grocery store might sell milk at a loss to attract shoppers who then buy profitable items, or a utility might charge urban customers more to keep rural service affordable.
The airline's business class fares essentially cross-subsidize economy tickets.
Risk evaluation and acceptance
- sponsorshipFunded endorsement arrangement
- backingAid or sponsorship
- subventionFinancial support from authority
- capitalizationUsing big letters properly
endowment · patronage · investment · allocation · provisioning · contribution · grants
Grouping items as one
- poolingMerging shared contributions
- offsettingCounteracting with equivalence
- balancingAchieving equal distribution
Uncompensated effects on others
- competitionStruggle for supremacy
- antitrustAgainst corporate market dominance
- regulationOfficial rules governing conduct
- monopolyOne seller, no substitutes
Impartial treatment or ownership value
- fairnessJust and equal treatment
- affordabilityState of being purchasable
- inclusionBeing made part
- welfareComfort and prosperity
Remote signal transmission technology
- utilitiesEssential infrastructure services
- healthcareOrganized provision of treatment
- insuranceContractual risk coverage
- bankingFinancial institution transactions
transportation · energy · education · pharmaceuticals · aviation · rail · broadcasting · water
underwriting
Risk evaluation and acceptance
- sponsorshipFunded endorsement arrangement
- backingAid or sponsorship
- subventionFinancial support from authority
capitalization · endowment · patronage · investment · allocation · provisioning · contribution · grants
bundling
Grouping items as one
- poolingMerging shared contributions
- offsettingCounteracting with equivalence
- balancingAchieving equal distribution
externalities
Uncompensated effects on others
- competitionStruggle for supremacy
- antitrustAgainst corporate market dominance
- regulationOfficial rules governing conduct
equity
Impartial treatment or ownership value
- fairnessJust and equal treatment
- affordabilityState of being purchasable
- inclusionBeing made part
welfare · accessibility · rural-urban · have-nots · disadvantaged
telecommunications
Remote signal transmission technology
- utilitiesEssential infrastructure services
- healthcareOrganized provision of treatment
- insuranceContractual risk coverage
banking · transportation · energy · education · pharmaceuticals · aviation · rail · broadcasting · water · electricity
- health insurancepremium, deductible, copay, coverage, health insurance card
- antitrustantitrust, price fixing, cartel, collusion, antitrust laws
- utility rateswholesale rates, retail rates, water rates, seasonal rates, peak rates
cross-subsidygovernment subsidy
State financial support payment
government grant · grant funding · public subsidy · self-funding · bailout
cross-subsidyself-funding
Paying one's own way
cost recovery · financial independence · profit center · self-sustaining · unsubsidized
cross, subsidy, crosses, crossed, crossing, crossings, subsidies, subsidize, subsidized