criminological
Relating to lawbreaking
Criminological means relating to criminology—the scientific study of crime, criminals, and the criminal justice system.
The term appears in academic and professional contexts: criminological research, criminological theory, a criminological approach to gang violence.
It concerns the causes, prevention, and social responses to criminal behavior.
Study of punishment systems
- victimologyStudy of those harmed
- recidivismHabitual return to crime
- deterrencePrevention via threatened consequences
- rehabilitationRecovery from injury/addiction
deviance · social control · rational choice · biosocial · positivism · desistance · anomie · neutralization
Facts supporting truth
- investigationFormal examination of facts
- profilingCharacterizing by patterns
- behavioral analysisStudy of conduct patterns
- modus operandiCharacteristic way of working
signature · linkage · cold case · suspect · interrogation · eyewitness · DNA analysis · ballistics
Improve by correcting faults
- legislationOfficial enactment of statutes
- sentencingImposing legal punishment
- incarcerationConfinement in jail
- paroleConditional early release
probation · diversion · policing · juvenile justice · reentry · prison reform · mandatory minimums · three strikes
Formal procedural framework
- empiricalBased on observation, not theory
- longitudinalAlong the longer dimension
- statistical analysisMathematical examination of datasets
- self-reportInformation one provides themselves
case study · qualitative · quantitative · survey · ethnography · field research · data collection · meta-analysis
penology
Study of punishment systems
- victimologyStudy of those harmed
- recidivismHabitual return to crime
- deterrencePrevention via threatened consequences
rehabilitation · deviance · social control · rational choice · biosocial · positivism · desistance · anomie · neutralization · restorative justice
evidence
Facts supporting truth
- investigationFormal examination of facts
- profilingCharacterizing by patterns
- behavioral analysisStudy of conduct patterns
modus operandi · signature · linkage · cold case · suspect · interrogation · eyewitness · DNA analysis · ballistics · trace evidence
reform
Improve by correcting faults
- legislationOfficial enactment of statutes
- sentencingImposing legal punishment
- incarcerationConfinement in jail
parole · probation · diversion · policing · juvenile justice · reentry · prison reform · mandatory minimums · three strikes · bail reform
methodology
Formal procedural framework
- empiricalBased on observation, not theory
- longitudinalAlong the longer dimension
- statistical analysisMathematical examination of datasets
self-report · case study · qualitative · quantitative · survey · ethnography · field research · data collection · meta-analysis · experimental
criminologicalprosocial
Benefiting society or others
therapeutic · rehabilitative · law-abiding · normative · conformist
criminologicallegal
Permitted by statute
jurisprudential · rehabilitative · therapeutic · correctional · preventive
criminologicaljurisprudential
Of law's theoretical foundations
forensic · prosecutorial · judicial · clinical · applied
crime, criminal, criminality, incriminate, incrimination, recrimination, anticrime, criminologist, decriminalize