Tourette syndrome
Involuntary vocal outbursts
Tourette syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations called tics.
These range from blinking and throat-clearing to complex movements or, less commonly, outbursts of obscene words.
Symptoms typically appear in childhood and often diminish with age.
His Tourette's causes him to make sounds he can't control.
Subcortical motor-control nuclei
- dopamineReward-linked neural messenger
- neurotransmittersChemical neural messengers
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
- brainSeat of cognition
neurological · deep brain stimulation · haloperidol · antipsychotics · comorbidity · ADHD · OCD · anxiety
Involuntary repetition of speech
- gruntingLow, throaty vocalization
- barkingCanine vocal outburst
- sniffingInhaling through the nose
- hummingContinuous low-pitched sound
coughing · yelping · squeaking · hissing · shouting · whistling · phonic · utterances
Eyelid opening and closing
- twitchingInvoluntary muscular contractions
- jerkingAbrupt, spasmodic movement
- grimacingDistorting face unpleasantly
- sniffingInhaling through the nose
shrugging · facial · motor · vocal · transient · chronic · waxing · waning
Genetic share of variation
- inheritedReceived from forebears
- familialPertaining to relatives
- genesUnits of heredity
- chromosomesGene-bearing nuclear structures
family history · genetic counseling · predisposition · risk factors · twin studies · dominant · penetrance · polygenic
Incorrectly comprehended
- misconceptionsIncorrect assumptions held true
- stereotypesOversimplified beliefs about groups
- awarenessState of perceiving reality
- advocacyPleading for a cause
bullying · mockery · discrimination · isolation · judgment · media portrayal · education · sensitivity
basal ganglia
Subcortical motor-control nuclei
- dopamineReward-linked neural messenger
- neurotransmittersChemical neural messengers
- cortexOrgan's external tissue
brain · neurological · deep brain stimulation · haloperidol · antipsychotics · comorbidity · ADHD · OCD · anxiety · diagnosis
echolalia
Involuntary repetition of speech
humming · coughing · yelping · squeaking · hissing · shouting · whistling · phonic · utterances · outbursts
blinking
Eyelid opening and closing
- twitchingInvoluntary muscular contractions
- jerkingAbrupt, spasmodic movement
- grimacingDistorting face unpleasantly
sniffing · shrugging · facial · motor · vocal · transient · chronic · waxing · waning · simple
heritability
Genetic share of variation
chromosomes · family history · genetic counseling · predisposition · risk factors · twin studies · dominant · penetrance · polygenic · neurogenetics
misunderstood
Incorrectly comprehended
- misconceptionsIncorrect assumptions held true
- stereotypesOversimplified beliefs about groups
- awarenessState of perceiving reality
advocacy · bullying · mockery · discrimination · isolation · judgment · media portrayal · education · sensitivity · invisible disability
- Childhood Conditionsasthma, diabetes, epilepsy, cystic fibrosis, cerebral palsy
- disordersADHD, disorder, anxiety, dysfunction, autism
- Mental Disordersschizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, PTSD
- Neurodisabilitiescerebral palsy, autism, epilepsy, ASD, ADHD
- Neurological Disordersepilepsy, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, neuropathy
- Rare Diseasesprogeria, Tay-Sachs, Krabbe disease, PKU, tuberous sclerosis
Tourette syndromebradykinesia
Pathological movement slowness
Parkinson's disease · parkinsonism · catatonia · stillness · motionlessness
Tourette syndromeself-control
Ability to restrain impulses
composure · stillness · equanimity · stoicism · self-restraint