zone refining
Melt-based purification method
Zone refining is a technique for purifying metals and other crystalline materials by slowly passing a narrow molten zone along a solid rod.
Impurities concentrate in the liquid phase and migrate toward one end, which is then discarded.
The process can be repeated to achieve extremely high purity levels, essential for semiconductor manufacturing.
Unwanted substances within something
- passesGoes beyond or through
- recrystallizationPurification through dissolving and reforming
- ultrapureCompletely free of contaminants
- purificationRemoval of contaminants
Metallic combination
- meltingSolid-to-liquid transition
- solidificationTransition to firm state
- ingotCast metal block
- furnaceEnclosed heat-producing structure
refractory · casting · homogenization · metals · aluminum · copper · tin · crucible
Metalloid in electronics
- germaniumAtomic number thirty-two
- waferThin crisp disk
- monocrystallineHaving unbroken crystal lattice
- ingotCast metal block
substrate · photovoltaic · solar cells · transistor · integrated circuit · microelectronics · polysilicon · crystallization
impurities
Unwanted substances within something
- passesGoes beyond or through
- recrystallizationPurification through dissolving and reforming
- ultrapureCompletely free of contaminants
purification · contaminants · trace elements · redistribution · multipass
alloy
Metallic combination
- meltingSolid-to-liquid transition
- solidificationTransition to firm state
- ingotCast metal block
furnace · refractory · casting · homogenization · metals · aluminum · copper · tin · crucible · induction heating
silicon
Metalloid in electronics
- germaniumAtomic number thirty-two
- waferThin crisp disk
- monocrystallineHaving unbroken crystal lattice
ingot · substrate · photovoltaic · solar cells · transistor · integrated circuit · microelectronics · polysilicon · crystallization · lattice
- crystallizationcrystal growth, nucleation, crystal structure, seed crystal, seed crystals
- precious metalsgold, silver, platinum, palladium, bullion
- metalworkingwelding, casting, forging, smithing, smelting
- metallurgysmelting, ferrite, base metal, alloys, annealing
- ore processingcrushing, grinding, crushers, flotation, magnetic separation
- separation processesdistillation, filtration, centrifuge, sedimentation, decanting
zone refiningfiltration
Separating solids from liquids
distillation · chromatography · precipitation · electrolysis · sublimation
zone refiningcontamination
Introduction of impurities
doping · alloying · adulteration · pollution · tainting