ibid
Citation shortcut, repeated
Ibid is a scholarly abbreviation of the Latin *ibidem*, meaning "in the same place." It appears in footnotes and citations to refer to a source just mentioned: Ibid., p. 47.
Using ibid avoids repeating the full citation when consecutive references draw from the same work.
Citation at page bottom
- supraAbove, in documents
- idemSame as before, Latin
- aforementionedPreviously mentioned in text
- precedingComing before in order
endnote · annotation · cross-reference · reference · infra · passim · cf. · bibliography
Citation at page bottom
- bibliographyList of cited works
- thesisAcademic argument requiring defense
- dissertationExtended academic treatise
- monographSingle-topic scholarly work
journal · publication · research · manuscript · edition · volume · authorship · textbook
footnote
Citation at page bottom
- supraAbove, in documents
- idemSame as before, Latin
- aforementionedPreviously mentioned in text
preceding · endnote · annotation · cross-reference · reference · infra · passim · cf. · bibliography · source
footnote
Citation at page bottom
- bibliographyList of cited works
- thesisAcademic argument requiring defense
- dissertationExtended academic treatise
monograph · journal · publication · research · manuscript · edition · volume · authorship · textbook · Chicago-style
- Latin Wordsad, ad nauseam, et, caveat emptor, affidavit
- attributionattributed to, cited, according to, per, via
- citationscitation, citations, cite, cited, citation style
- footnotesasterisk, endnotes, explanatory note, dagger, double dagger
- Latin Abbreviationse.g., i.e., etc, et al, viz
- academiaprofessors, universities, graduation cap, biology department, professor