hadiths
Islamic oral traditions
Hadiths are reports of the sayings, actions, and tacit approvals of the Prophet Muhammad, forming a major source of Islamic law and guidance alongside the Quran.
Each hadith typically includes a chain of transmission tracing back to eyewitnesses.
Scholars classify hadiths by authenticity—from sahih (sound) to da'if (weak).
The hadith collections of Bukhari and Muslim are considered the most authoritative.
Traditional pithy expressions
- narrationsSpoken deliveries of stories
- traditionsLong-established customs passed down
- reportsFormal written findings
- accountsRecords of transactions
collections · compilations · Muslim · chains · matn · transmission · manuscripts · authentication
- narratorOne who tells events
- transmissionSending of information
- memorizationCommitting information to recall
- verificationProving something accurate
compilation · methodology · criticism · science · study · research · analysis · commentary
Islamic model of conduct
- guidanceAdvice for decisions
- practiceRepeated work toward mastery
- rulingsAuthoritative decisions on matters
- jurisprudencePhilosophy governing legal systems
Muhammad · scholars · teaching · wisdom · example · obedience · revelation · Quran
Assigning marks to work
- verificationProving something accurate
- classificationSystematic grouping by traits
- scholarsExperts in a field
- criticismJudgment of faults
chains · narrators · reliability · weakness · fabrication · scrutiny · authentication · methodology
sayings
Traditional pithy expressions
- narrationsSpoken deliveries of stories
- traditionsLong-established customs passed down
- reportsFormal written findings
accounts · collections · compilations · Muslim · chains · matn · transmission · manuscripts · authentication · volumes
matn
- narratorOne who tells events
- transmissionSending of information
- memorizationCommitting information to recall
verification · compilation · methodology · criticism · science · study · research · analysis · commentary · interpretation
Sunnah
Islamic model of conduct
- guidanceAdvice for decisions
- practiceRepeated work toward mastery
- rulingsAuthoritative decisions on matters
Muhammad · jurisprudence · scholars · teaching · wisdom · example · obedience · revelation · Quran · companion
grading
Assigning marks to work
- verificationProving something accurate
- classificationSystematic grouping by traits
- scholarsExperts in a field
criticism · chains · narrators · reliability · weakness · fabrication · scrutiny · authentication · methodology · trustworthy
- HadithMuslim, matn, canonical works, silsila, narration
- Islamic manuscriptsilluminated texts, Arabic calligraphy, Arabic script, chapter headings, Islamic law
- sacred textsBible, Vedas, Quran, Upanishads, Torah