glycation
Proteins binding sugar
Glycation is a chemical reaction in which sugar molecules bond to proteins or fats without enzymatic control.
The process occurs naturally in the body and accelerates with age or high blood sugar, contributing to tissue damage in diabetes and aging: Advanced glycation end products accumulate in skin and blood vessels.
Glycation also occurs in cooking—the browning of roasted meat involves glycation reactions.
Metabolic disorder affecting glucose
- complicationsDifficulties that emerge unexpectedly
- neuropathyDamage to peripheral nerves
- retinopathyDisease of eye's photosensitive layer
- nephropathyKidney tissue deterioration
atherosclerosis · HbA1c · blood sugar · inflammation · vascular · cataracts · Alzheimer · cardiovascular
Folded amino chain
- MaillardSurname behind browning
- crosslinkingChemical bonds between polymers
- hemoglobinErythrocyte's oxygen-binding protein
- collagenStructural body protein
fructose · amino · carbonyl · lysine · arginine · covalent · adduct · browning
Surface lines from folding
- skinBody's outer layer
- collagenStructural body protein
- elastinProtein enabling tissue recoil
- stiffeningBecoming less pliable
crosslinks · accumulation · dermis · sagging · yellowing · degradation · flexibility · damage
Crystalline carbohydrate sweetener
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
- fructoseMonosaccharide in produce
- processed foodsCommercially altered edibles
- cookingPreparing food with heat
grilling · browning · roasting · low-glycemic · restriction · antioxidants · prevention · raw
diabetes
Metabolic disorder affecting glucose
- complicationsDifficulties that emerge unexpectedly
- neuropathyDamage to peripheral nerves
- retinopathyDisease of eye's photosensitive layer
nephropathy · atherosclerosis · HbA1c · blood sugar · inflammation · vascular · cataracts · Alzheimer · cardiovascular · oxidative
protein
Folded amino chain
- MaillardSurname behind browning
- crosslinkingChemical bonds between polymers
- hemoglobinErythrocyte's oxygen-binding protein
collagen · fructose · amino · carbonyl · lysine · arginine · covalent · adduct · browning · irreversible
wrinkles
Surface lines from folding
stiffening · crosslinks · accumulation · dermis · sagging · yellowing · degradation · flexibility · damage · longevity
sugar
Crystalline carbohydrate sweetener
- carbohydratesSugar-based energy compounds
- fructoseMonosaccharide in produce
- processed foodsCommercially altered edibles
cooking · grilling · browning · roasting · low-glycemic · restriction · antioxidants · prevention · raw · steaming
glycationantioxidation
Prevention of oxidative reactions
autophagy · regeneration · anti-aging · detoxification · homeostasis
glucose, glycerin, glycogen, glycolysis, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia