falsification
Making evidence untrue
Falsification is the act of making something false—altering records, forging documents, or fabricating evidence.
The accountant was charged with falsification of financial statements.
In philosophy of science, falsification is the principle that a theory must be testable and potentially disprovable to be scientific: a hypothesis that can't be falsified isn't genuinely scientific.
Intentional criminal trickery
- hoaxDeliberate deception for effect
- lieDeliberate falsehood
- deceitDeliberate misleading of others
- trickeryDeliberate deception or fraud
swindle · con · sham · imposture · duplicity · subterfuge · chicanery · guile
Fraudulent imitation
- fakeNot the real thing
- imitationCopy of the original
- replicaFaithful scaled reproduction
- phonyFraudulent person or thing
bogus · spurious · knockoff · forgery · copy · duplicate · fabricated · pirated
Twisting from original state
- misstatementIncorrect assertion of fact
- untruthA false statement
- inaccuracyLack of precision
- disinformationIntentional deceptive falsehoods
misinformation · prevarication · equivocation · misreport · canard · exaggeration · spin · propaganda
Making changes to
- doctoringAltering deceptively
- manipulationUnderhanded control of others
- adulterationCorrupting by foreign substances
- corruptionDishonest abuse of power
distortion · meddling · interference · sabotage · spoofing · hacking · breach · compromise
Shown by evidence false
- refutationDisproving a statement
- debunkingProving claims false
- PopperFalsificationist epistemologist from Vienna
- hypothesis testingStatistical method for evaluating claims
retraction · fraud · pseudoscience · invalid · discredited · unverified · peer review · reproducibility
fraud
Intentional criminal trickery
trickery · swindle · con · sham · imposture · duplicity · subterfuge · chicanery · guile · artifice
counterfeit
Fraudulent imitation
phony · bogus · spurious · knockoff · forgery · copy · duplicate · fabricated · pirated · plagiarized
distortion
Twisting from original state
- misstatementIncorrect assertion of fact
- untruthA false statement
- inaccuracyLack of precision
disinformation · misinformation · prevarication · equivocation · misreport · canard · exaggeration · spin · propaganda · deceptive
altering
Making changes to
- doctoringAltering deceptively
- manipulationUnderhanded control of others
- adulterationCorrupting by foreign substances
corruption · distortion · meddling · interference · sabotage · spoofing · hacking · breach · compromise · rigging
disproven
Shown by evidence false
- refutationDisproving a statement
- debunkingProving claims false
- PopperFalsificationist epistemologist from Vienna
hypothesis testing · retraction · fraud · pseudoscience · invalid · discredited · unverified · peer review · reproducibility · counterevidence
- deceptionlie, lies, lying, fake, fraud
- wrongdoingmisconduct, crime, sabotage, crimes, misbehavior
- deceptionslie, lies, lying, deceit, decoy
- falsehoodslie, lies, lying, fib, fibbing
- inquiryinquiry, investigation, questioning, examination, exploration
- misconductmisconduct, bullying, stealing, vandalism, cheating
falsificationverification
Proving something accurate
authentication · honesty · validation · confirmation · corroboration