episiotomy
Birth canal incision
An episiotomy is a surgical incision made at the opening of the vagina during childbirth to enlarge the passage and prevent irregular tearing.
Once routine in obstetrics, the procedure has become less common as evidence shows most women heal better without it.
The doctor performed an episiotomy when the baby's shoulders got stuck.
Controlled cut into tissue
- scalpelPrecise surgical knife
- suturesMedical wound closures
- anesthesiaInduced loss of feeling
- perinealOf the pelvic floor
obstetrician · midwife · sterile · disinfectant · local · hemostasis · surgical · median
Restoration of health
- postpartumAfter childbirth period
- stitchesThread fastening wounds
- swellingAbnormal tissue enlargement
- discomfortMild physical or mental distress
inflammation · antibiotics · analgesics · hygiene · mobility · granulation · tenderness · soreness
Conveyance of goods
- laborStrenuous effort; also childbirth
- birthingAct of delivering young
- vaginalOf the birth canal
- crowningInstalling as monarch
pushing · contractions · forceps · vacuum · dilation · effacement · perineum · tearing
Voluntary agreement given
- informedGiven necessary knowledge
- autonomyIndependent decision-making capacity
- routineRegular sequence of actions
- unnecessaryNot essential or required
restrictive · selective · iatrogenic · medicalization · intervention · guidelines · WHO · rates
incision
Controlled cut into tissue
- scalpelPrecise surgical knife
- suturesMedical wound closures
- anesthesiaInduced loss of feeling
perineal · obstetrician · midwife · sterile · disinfectant · local · hemostasis · surgical · median · scissors
healing
Restoration of health
- postpartumAfter childbirth period
- stitchesThread fastening wounds
- swellingAbnormal tissue enlargement
discomfort · inflammation · antibiotics · analgesics · hygiene · mobility · granulation · tenderness · soreness · convalescence
delivery
Conveyance of goods
crowning · pushing · contractions · forceps · vacuum · dilation · effacement · perineum · tearing · newborn
consent
Voluntary agreement given
- informedGiven necessary knowledge
- autonomyIndependent decision-making capacity
- routineRegular sequence of actions
unnecessary · restrictive · selective · iatrogenic · medicalization · intervention · guidelines · WHO · rates · overuse
- reproductionreproduction, birth, baby, egg, sperm
- surgeriessurgery, appendectomy, hysterectomy, minor surgery, elective surgery
- childbirthcontractions, labor, pushing, dilation, birth
- reproductive healthpregnancy, infertility, childbirth, male infertility, fertility rates
- women's healthgynecologist, gynecology, menstruation, OB-GYN, period
- postpartumafterpains, involution, uterine contractions, lactation, milk production
episiotomynatural childbirth
Delivery without medical intervention