cytochromes
Cellular electron transporters
Cytochromes are proteins containing iron that transfer electrons in cellular respiration and photosynthesis.
They sit in the mitochondria and chloroplasts, passing electrons along a chain to generate energy.
Different cytochromes are designated by letters: cytochrome c, cytochrome P450.
The P450 family metabolizes drugs and toxins in the liver, making it clinically important for understanding drug interactions.
Iron-porphyrin-bound protein
- cofactorEnzyme-activating compound
- protein foldingChain becoming functional structure
- polypeptideAmino acid polymer
- spectroscopyStudy of light-matter interaction
Iron-porphyrin complex in blood
- redoxElectron transfer chemistry
- electron carrierMolecule transferring electrons in cells
- ironElement twenty-six
- oxidationLosing electrons chemically
reduction · ferric · ferrous · inner membrane · electron flow · NADH
Cell's energy molecule
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- aerobic respirationOxygen-using energy production
- bioenergeticsStudy of biological energy
- energy productionCreating usable power supply
oxygen consumption · mitochondria · cristae · metabolic rate · catabolism
Body's chemical processing of medications
- detoxificationRemoving harmful substances internally
- liverAbdominal detoxifying organ
- pharmacokineticsDrug fate in body
- CYP enzymesLiver enzymes metabolizing drugs
biotransformation · drug interactions · endoplasmic reticulum
hemoprotein
Iron-porphyrin-bound protein
- cofactorEnzyme-activating compound
- protein foldingChain becoming functional structure
- polypeptideAmino acid polymer
heme
Iron-porphyrin complex in blood
- redoxElectron transfer chemistry
- electron carrierMolecule transferring electrons in cells
- ironElement twenty-six
oxidation · reduction · ferric · ferrous · inner membrane · electron flow · NADH
ATP
Cell's energy molecule
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- aerobic respirationOxygen-using energy production
- bioenergeticsStudy of biological energy
energy production · oxygen consumption · mitochondria · cristae · metabolic rate · catabolism
drug metabolism
Body's chemical processing of medications
- detoxificationRemoving harmful substances internally
- liverAbdominal detoxifying organ
- pharmacokineticsDrug fate in body
CYP enzymes · biotransformation · drug interactions · endoplasmic reticulum