cryogenics
Ultralow temperature physics
Cryogenics is the science of producing and studying extremely low temperatures, typically below -150°C.
The field encompasses the production of liquefied gases like nitrogen and helium, and their applications in medicine, food preservation, and superconductor research.
Cryogenics makes MRI machines possible.
In science fiction, cryogenics often refers to freezing people for future revival—technically cryonics.
Theoretical minimum temperature
- liquid nitrogenCryogenic form of air's main component
- liquid heliumSupercooled element in fluid state
- refrigerationHeat removal for preservation
- coolantTemperature-regulating fluid
thermodynamics · enthalpy · isothermal · sublimation · boiling point · supercooling
Study of low-temperature life effects
- cryonicsFreezing bodies for revival
- vitrificationTransformation into glass
- cryoprotectantSubstance preventing ice damage
- cryosurgeryCold-based tissue destruction
flash freezing · superfluidity · superconductivity · cryobank
Transformation into glass
- freeze-dryingPreservation through vacuum sublimation
- suspended animationHalted vital functions, reversible
- sperm bankDonor gamete storage facility
- egg freezingPreserving ova at subzero
cryoprotectant · glycerol · dimethyl sulfoxide · thawing · reanimation
Prolonging human lifespan artificially
- suspended animationHalted vital functions, reversible
- reanimationRestoration of life
- revivalReturn after decline
- futurismStudy of tomorrow's possibilities
Cold-based tissue destruction
- wart removalEliminating benign skin growths
- cryoprobeSurgical cold-delivery device
- dermatologyStudy of skin ailments
- skin tagsSmall benign cutaneous growths
absolute zero
Theoretical minimum temperature
- liquid nitrogenCryogenic form of air's main component
- liquid heliumSupercooled element in fluid state
- refrigerationHeat removal for preservation
coolant · thermodynamics · enthalpy · isothermal · sublimation · boiling point · supercooling
cryobiology
Study of low-temperature life effects
- cryonicsFreezing bodies for revival
- vitrificationTransformation into glass
- cryoprotectantSubstance preventing ice damage
cryosurgery · flash freezing · superfluidity · superconductivity · cryobank
vitrification
Transformation into glass
- freeze-dryingPreservation through vacuum sublimation
- suspended animationHalted vital functions, reversible
- sperm bankDonor gamete storage facility
egg freezing · cryoprotectant · glycerol · dimethyl sulfoxide · thawing · reanimation
life extension
Prolonging human lifespan artificially
- suspended animationHalted vital functions, reversible
- reanimationRestoration of life
- revivalReturn after decline
futurism · transhumanism · longevity · legal death · science fiction
cryosurgery
Cold-based tissue destruction
- wart removalEliminating benign skin growths
- cryoprobeSurgical cold-delivery device
- dermatologyStudy of skin ailments
- Physical Sciencesphysics, chemistry, astronomy, geology, meteorology
- coolingair conditioning, refrigeration, air cooler, heat sink, evaporator
- Futurismjetpacks, holograms, robots, androids, cyborgs
- hazmathazmat suit, hazmat, hazardous materials, biohazard, dangerous goods
- gas processinggas plant, fractionation, processing plant, NGL, LPG
- thermodynamicsentropy, enthalpy, heat transfer, free energy, heat capacity
cryogenicsheating
Raising temperature artificially
incineration · combustion · calcination · superheating · ignition
- cryogenic processesTechniques using extreme cold
- cryogenic chamberEnclosure for extreme cold
- cryogenic storagePreservation at extremely low temperatures
- cryogenic freezingPreservation using extreme cold