homologues
Evolutionarily related parts
Homologues are things that correspond to each other in structure, position, or origin.
In biology, homologous structures share evolutionary ancestry—a human arm and a whale flipper are homologues despite different functions.
In genetics, homologous chromosomes are paired chromosomes with the same genes in the same positions.
Chemistry uses the term for compounds differing by a repeating unit: methane and ethane are homologues in the alkane series.
Gene-bearing nuclear structures
- genesUnits of heredity
- allelesVariant forms of genes
- conserved sequencesEvolutionarily maintained genetic regions
- sequence alignmentArranging molecular strings for comparison
Comparable in certain respects
- parallelEquidistant at all points
- comparableAble to be likened
- equivalentSame in value or function
- correspondingMatching in character
counterpart · cognate · matching · correlative · correspondent · twin · mirror · analog
Origin point of descendants
- divergenceSeparation from common origin
- speciationFormation of distinct species
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
- descentDownward slope or lineage
cladistics · evolutionary tree · fossil record · vestigial structures · shared ancestry · monophyletic · convergent evolution · Darwin
Saturated hydrocarbon compounds
- alkenesUnsaturated hydrocarbons with C=C
- methaneSimplest alkane fuel
- ethaneTwo-carbon alkane
- propaneFlammable hydrocarbon fuel
butane · functional groups · carbon chain · molecular formula · boiling points · physical properties · organic compounds · nomenclature
chromosomes
Gene-bearing nuclear structures
- genesUnits of heredity
- allelesVariant forms of genes
- conserved sequencesEvolutionarily maintained genetic regions
analogous
Comparable in certain respects
- parallelEquidistant at all points
- comparableAble to be likened
- equivalentSame in value or function
corresponding · counterpart · cognate · matching · correlative · correspondent · twin · mirror · analog · complement
common ancestor
Origin point of descendants
- divergenceSeparation from common origin
- speciationFormation of distinct species
- phylogenyEvolutionary relationships among organisms
descent · cladistics · evolutionary tree · fossil record · vestigial structures · shared ancestry · monophyletic · convergent evolution · Darwin · comparative anatomy
alkanes
Saturated hydrocarbon compounds
propane · butane · functional groups · carbon chain · molecular formula · boiling points · physical properties · organic compounds · nomenclature · chemical properties