gerundive
Latin verbal adjective
A gerundive is a Latin grammatical form expressing necessity or obligation—often translated with "must be" or "should be." The famous phrase *Carthago delenda est* (Carthage must be destroyed) uses a gerundive.
In English grammar discussions, the term sometimes appears loosely for any verbal adjective, though this usage is imprecise.
Verb form as adjective
- declensionNoun form variation
- morphologyStudy of structural forms
- syntaxRules for arranging words
- inflectionWord form alteration
conjugation · periphrastic · passive · voice · mood · tense · aspect · agreement
Removing by erosion
- genitiveCase expressing ownership
- dativeCase showing indirect object
- accusativeCase for direct objects
- nominativeCase marking sentence subjects
agenda · memorandum · referendum · addendum · classical · Roman · Cicero · parsing
Expected in the future
- anticipationState of awaiting something
- impendingSoon to occur
- forthcomingSoon to appear
- eventualOccurring after delay
passive · potential · intended · destined · unrealized · purposive
Indispensable requirement
- dutyRequired moral task
- requirementMandatory condition to fulfill
- mandateFormal authoritative directive
- compulsionIrresistible urge to act
ought · must · should · imperative · prescriptive · normative · obligatory · binding
Directly preceding noun modified
- predicativeFollows copula, modifies subject
- descriptivePortraying with specific details
- modifyingChanging partially
- qualifyingMeeting required criteria
participial · nominal · substantive · inflected · declined · agreeing
participle
Verb form as adjective
- declensionNoun form variation
- morphologyStudy of structural forms
- syntaxRules for arranging words
inflection · conjugation · periphrastic · passive · voice · mood · tense · aspect · agreement · nominalization
ablative
Removing by erosion
- genitiveCase expressing ownership
- dativeCase showing indirect object
- accusativeCase for direct objects
nominative · agenda · memorandum · referendum · addendum · classical · Roman · Cicero · parsing
prospective
Expected in the future
- anticipationState of awaiting something
- impendingSoon to occur
- forthcomingSoon to appear
eventual · passive · potential · intended · destined · unrealized · purposive
necessity
Indispensable requirement
- dutyRequired moral task
- requirementMandatory condition to fulfill
- mandateFormal authoritative directive
compulsion · ought · must · should · imperative · prescriptive · normative · obligatory · binding · needful
attributive
Directly preceding noun modified
- predicativeFollows copula, modifies subject
- descriptivePortraying with specific details
- modifyingChanging partially
qualifying · participial · nominal · substantive · inflected · declined · agreeing
gerundivegerund
Verb-derived noun form
supine · infinitive · past participle · indicative · present participle
gerundiveoptional
Not mandatory
forbidden · prohibited · unnecessary · discretionary · permissive