ganglia
Neural tissue masses
Ganglia is the plural of ganglion—a cluster of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord, or a fluid-filled cyst near a joint or tendon.
In anatomy, ganglia serve as relay stations in the nervous system: the basal ganglia, autonomic ganglia.
Figuratively, a ganglion or its plural can mean a center of activity or energy: the ganglia of urban commerce.
Signal-transmitting brain cells
- axonsNeuron output extensions
- dendritesNeuron's signal-receiving projections
- somaBodily cells, excluding gametes
- peripheralExternal computer add-on
autonomic · sensory · motor · plexus · afferent · efferent · nerve fibers · basal
Damage to peripheral nerves
- neuralgiaSharp pain from irritated nerves
- cystFluid-filled tissue sac
- inflammationProtective tissue response
- tumorAbnormal tissue mass
herpes zoster · shingles · lesion · degeneration · compression · swelling · biopsy
Synaptic chemical messenger
- synapseNerve signal crossing point
- gliaNon-neuronal brain cells
- myelin sheathLipid layer around axons
- interneuronNerve cell connecting others
Interconnected computational nodes mimicking cognition
- artificial intelligenceMachines mimicking human thought
- machine learningAlgorithms that improve from data
- deep learningLayered neural network methods
- nodesPoints of connection
parallel processing · signal processing · pattern recognition
neurons
Signal-transmitting brain cells
- axonsNeuron output extensions
- dendritesNeuron's signal-receiving projections
- somaBodily cells, excluding gametes
peripheral · autonomic · sensory · motor · plexus · afferent · efferent · nerve fibers · basal · sympathetic
neuropathy
Damage to peripheral nerves
- neuralgiaSharp pain from irritated nerves
- cystFluid-filled tissue sac
- inflammationProtective tissue response
tumor · herpes zoster · shingles · lesion · degeneration · compression · swelling · biopsy
neurotransmitter
Synaptic chemical messenger
- synapseNerve signal crossing point
- gliaNon-neuronal brain cells
- myelin sheathLipid layer around axons
interneuron · receptors · cell body · membrane · capsule
neural network
Interconnected computational nodes mimicking cognition
- artificial intelligenceMachines mimicking human thought
- machine learningAlgorithms that improve from data
- deep learningLayered neural network methods
nodes · parallel processing · signal processing · pattern recognition
- insect biologyantennae, compound eyes, exoskeleton, mandibles, spiracles
- nervous systembrain, neurons, nerves, spinal cord, axon
- neuroscienceneuron, MRI, brain, neurons, synapses
- bug partsantennae, thorax, abdomen, head, legs
- insect anatomyabdomen, antennae, thorax, exoskeleton, head
- arachnid anatomyspinnerets, pedicel, carapace, book lungs, cephalothorax
ganglianeuron
Impulse-conducting cell
central nervous system · brain · spinal cord · axon · dendrite
- dorsal root gangliaSensory neuron cell clusters
- dorsal root ganglionSensory nerve cell cluster
- basal gangliaSubcortical motor-control nuclei
- ganglion cystBenign joint fluid sac