interneuron
Brain's relay cell
An interneuron is a nerve cell that connects other neurons within a localized region of the nervous system, rather than carrying signals to or from muscles and sensory organs.
Interneurons form the vast majority of neurons in the brain and spinal cord, processing and relaying information between sensory and motor pathways: Interneurons in the spinal cord help coordinate reflexes.
Tending to suppress activity
- excitatoryPromoting neural activation
- bipolarHaving two opposite poles
- multipolarHaving numerous poles
- VIPNotable, for short
Inhibitory brain neurotransmitter
- glutamateExcitatory neural transmitter
- neurotransmitterSynaptic chemical messenger
- synapseNerve signal crossing point
- receptorSignal-receiving molecule
presynaptic · dendrite · axon · depolarization · hyperpolarization · neuromodulation · neuropeptide · calcium
Organ's external tissue
- hippocampusMemory formation region
- retinaLight-sensing tissue layer
- cerebellumMovement coordination organ
- striatumSubcortical basal ganglia nucleus
amygdala · thalamus · neocortex · brainstem · lamina · microcircuit
Mental check on behavior
- modulationVarying signals to transmit
- integrationCombining into a whole
- oscillationRepeated back-and-forth movement
- synchronizationAligning timing across systems
feedforward · feedback · disinhibition · timing · gating · filtering · sharpening · plasticity
Biology's electrical activity science
- transgenicHaving inserted foreign genes
- neuroimagingVisualizing nervous system structure
- single-cellHaving one cell only
- epilepsyBrain disorder causing seizures
inhibitory
Tending to suppress activity
- excitatoryPromoting neural activation
- bipolarHaving two opposite poles
- multipolarHaving numerous poles
GABA
Inhibitory brain neurotransmitter
- glutamateExcitatory neural transmitter
- neurotransmitterSynaptic chemical messenger
- synapseNerve signal crossing point
receptor · presynaptic · dendrite · axon · depolarization · hyperpolarization · neuromodulation · neuropeptide · calcium · potentiation
cortex
Organ's external tissue
- hippocampusMemory formation region
- retinaLight-sensing tissue layer
- cerebellumMovement coordination organ
striatum · amygdala · thalamus · neocortex · brainstem · lamina · microcircuit
inhibition
Mental check on behavior
- modulationVarying signals to transmit
- integrationCombining into a whole
- oscillationRepeated back-and-forth movement
synchronization · feedforward · feedback · disinhibition · timing · gating · filtering · sharpening · plasticity
electrophysiology
Biology's electrical activity science
- transgenicHaving inserted foreign genes
- neuroimagingVisualizing nervous system structure
- single-cellHaving one cell only
epilepsy · schizophrenia · autism · neurodegeneration · biomarker