court systems
Tribunals and appeals
Court systems are the hierarchical structures of courts within a jurisdiction, organized to handle different types and levels of legal cases.
Most have trial courts at the bottom, appellate courts in the middle, and a supreme or high court at the top.
The federal and state court systems operate independently in the United States.
Cases typically move through the system via appeals, with higher courts reviewing lower court decisions.
- judgeOne who decides
- plea bargainNegotiated criminal case resolution
- litigationLegal dispute process
- appealFormal review request
- federal jurisdictionLegal domain of central government
magistrate · law clerk · prosecutor · jury duty · small claims · judicial review · state jurisdiction · due process · tribunal · public defender · legal aid · plaintiff · sentencing · bailiff · witness · gavel · trial · ruling
- Islamic Lawsharia, Sharia, Shariah, Islamic law, fatwa
- criminal justicearrest, jail, prison, crime, guilty
- lawlaw, lawyer, lawyers, attorney, attorneys
- legal systemattorney, landmark cases, criminal cases, lawyers, legal precedents
- legal systemsconstitutional law, judiciary, criminal code, penal code, laws
- judicial reformjudicial reform, justice reform, legal reform, judicial independence, judicial appointments
court systemslegislatures
Bodies that make laws
legislative branch · executive branch · parliament · police · law enforcement
court systemsmediation
Intervention to resolve conflict
vigilante justice · mob justice · arbitration · tribal councils · family councils
court systemsvigilante justice
Unauthorized punishment by civilians
mob rule · lynch mobs · anarchy · lawlessness · summary execution