copyedited
Refined before publication
Copyedited describes text that has been reviewed and corrected for grammar, spelling, punctuation, and consistency.
A copyedited manuscript has been polished but not substantially rewritten—the work focuses on surface errors and style rather than content or structure.
The article was copyedited before publication.
Original text before publication
- galleyOnboard food preparation area
- proofreadCheck writing for mistakes
- typesetArrange text for printing
- prepressPrint preparation stage
layout · pagination · stylesheet · stet · caret · dele · markup · redline
Ease of understanding text
- concisenessQuality of being brief
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- coherenceLogical internal consistency
- streamlinedMade smooth and efficient
polished · tightened · sharpened · refined · wordiness · redundancy · flow · transitions
Rules for arranging words
- punctuationWritten clarity symbols
- spellingCorrect letter sequence
- hyphenationDash-based word linking
- capitalizationUsing big letters properly
agreement · tense · usage · diction · articles · modifiers · prepositions · pronouns
Confirming accuracy of claims
- cross-referencesPointers to related material
- citationsAcknowledged source mentions
- sourcesPoints of origin
- datesCalendar numbers or courtship
names · figures · captions · quotations · attributions · hyperlinks · bibliography · footnotes
manuscript
Original text before publication
- galleyOnboard food preparation area
- proofreadCheck writing for mistakes
- typesetArrange text for printing
prepress · layout · pagination · stylesheet · stet · caret · dele · markup · redline · blueline
readability
Ease of understanding text
- concisenessQuality of being brief
- precisionAccuracy of measurement
- coherenceLogical internal consistency
streamlined · polished · tightened · sharpened · refined · wordiness · redundancy · flow · transitions · consistency
syntax
Rules for arranging words
- punctuationWritten clarity symbols
- spellingCorrect letter sequence
- hyphenationDash-based word linking
capitalization · agreement · tense · usage · diction · articles · modifiers · prepositions · pronouns · apostrophes
fact-checking
Confirming accuracy of claims
- cross-referencesPointers to related material
- citationsAcknowledged source mentions
- sourcesPoints of origin
dates · names · figures · captions · quotations · attributions · hyperlinks · bibliography · footnotes · endnotes
copyeditedunedited
Not yet corrected
raw · uncorrected · unrevised · first draft · unpolished
copyeditedoriginal
First or inventive
draft · manuscript · untouched · virgin · unprocessed