commutations
Penalties made lighter
Commutations are reductions or substitutions, especially of penalties.
A governor grants commutations to prisoners, reducing life sentences to fixed terms.
The word also applies to exchanging one form of payment for another: commuting individual train fares into a monthly pass.
In electrical engineering, commutation is the process of reversing current direction.
Merciful treatment of offenders
- pardonOfficial release from punishment
- reprievePostponement of punishment
- sentence reductionDecrease in punishment duration
- amnestyGroup pardon from authorities
mercy · forgiveness · leniency · remission · release · death row · governor · executive clemency
Exchange of one for another
- replacementWhat takes another's place
- conversionAct of changing states
- swapExchange one for another
- interchangeReciprocal transfer between parties
transposition · trade-off · shift · switch · alternation · equivalent · proxy · surrogate
Prepaid transit credential
- season ticketPrepaid ongoing admission
- rail passTrain travel authorization
- fare cardPrepaid transport payment
- monthly passTime-limited access permit
subway · train · bus pass · carpooling · rush hour
Ordered arrangements of elements
- transpositionsRearrangements by switching positions
- symmetryInvariance under transformation
- operatorsThose who manage equipment
- transformationsComplete changes in form
equivalence · cyclic · inverse · commutativity · algebra · matrices · order · combinatorics
clemency
Merciful treatment of offenders
- pardonOfficial release from punishment
- reprievePostponement of punishment
- sentence reductionDecrease in punishment duration
amnesty · mercy · forgiveness · leniency · remission · release · death row · governor · executive clemency · mitigation
substitution
Exchange of one for another
- replacementWhat takes another's place
- conversionAct of changing states
- swapExchange one for another
interchange · transposition · trade-off · shift · switch · alternation · equivalent · proxy · surrogate · stand-in
transit pass
Prepaid transit credential
- season ticketPrepaid ongoing admission
- rail passTrain travel authorization
- fare cardPrepaid transport payment
monthly pass · subway · train · bus pass · carpooling · rush hour
permutations
Ordered arrangements of elements
- transpositionsRearrangements by switching positions
- symmetryInvariance under transformation
- operatorsThose who manage equipment
transformations · equivalence · cyclic · inverse · commutativity · algebra · matrices · order · combinatorics
- government documentswhite paper, laws, federal records, gazette, constitutions
- gubernatorial powersveto power, executive orders, clemency, pardons, pardon power
- presidential powersexecutive order, executive power, executive orders, vetoes, pardon
- governorsstate governor, viceroy, governor's office, lieutenant governor, proconsul
- executive ordersexecutive orders, executive order, presidential directives, presidential decree, presidential proclamation
- presidential recordspresidential libraries, presidential debates, White House tapes, Oval Office tapes, State of the Union
commutationsexecutions
Legally sanctioned killings
aggravations · death sentences · life sentences · capital punishment · consecutive sentences
commutationsconvictions
Strongly held beliefs
exonerations · acquittals · absolutions · guilty verdicts · condemnations
commutationsretentions
Acts of keeping possession
preservations · continuations · intensifications · escalations · augmentations