caliche
Calcium carbonate crust
Caliche is a hardite calcium carbite deposit found in arid and semi-arid regions, forming a cement-like layer in soil.
It develops when minerals leite upward through evaporation, then accumulate and harden.
Caliche frustrates gardeners and construction crews alike—it resists digging and blocks root growth.
In parts of Texas and the American Southwest, caliche also serves as a cheap road-surfacing material.
Potassium nitrate compound
- nitrateNO₃ compound
- sodium nitrateNaNO₃ compound
- potassium nitrateCrystalline potassium salt compound
- fertilizerSoil nutrient supplement
gunpowder · explosive · mining · extraction · Chile · Atacama · guano · oxidizer
Carbonate sedimentary rock
- sedimentaryFormed from deposited material
- tufaPorous calcium carbonate deposit
- travertineLimestone from thermal springs
- chalkSoft sedimentary writing stone
dolomite · precipitate · evaporite · capillary action · groundwater · arid climate · pedology · geomorphology
Mineral-binding of particles
- impermeableCannot be penetrated
- subsoilEarth layer below surface
- barrierObstruction preventing passage
- waterloggingSoil oversaturated with moisture
permeability · compaction · tillage · claypan · indurated · agriculture · drainage · excavation
Foundation beneath railway tracks
- subgradeSoil layer supporting pavement
- subbaseFoundation beneath a surface
- aggregateCombined sum total
- stabilizationProcess of becoming steady
base course · compaction · grading · fill · surfacing · pavement · material · excavation
saltpeter
Potassium nitrate compound
- nitrateNO₃ compound
- sodium nitrateNaNO₃ compound
- potassium nitrateCrystalline potassium salt compound
fertilizer · gunpowder · explosive · mining · extraction · Chile · Atacama · guano · oxidizer · refining
limestone
Carbonate sedimentary rock
- sedimentaryFormed from deposited material
- tufaPorous calcium carbonate deposit
- travertineLimestone from thermal springs
chalk · dolomite · precipitate · evaporite · capillary action · groundwater · arid climate · pedology · geomorphology · weathering
cementation
Mineral-binding of particles
- impermeableCannot be penetrated
- subsoilEarth layer below surface
- barrierObstruction preventing passage
waterlogging · permeability · compaction · tillage · claypan · indurated · agriculture · drainage · excavation · desert soil
roadbed
Foundation beneath railway tracks
- subgradeSoil layer supporting pavement
- subbaseFoundation beneath a surface
- aggregateCombined sum total
stabilization · base course · compaction · grading · fill · surfacing · pavement · material · excavation · foundation
calichehumus
Decayed organic soil matter
peat · loose fill · topsoil · loam · muck
calcium, calcify, calculus, calcified, calcite, calcification, calcareous, calcifying, decalcification