traditional animation
Frame-by-frame drawing
Traditional animation is the frame-by-frame technique of creating moving images by drawing each frame individually, typically on paper or transparent cels.
Before computer animation dominated, this was simply called animation—Disney's classic films, Saturday morning cartoons, and anime all used this method.
Each second of film requires twelve to twenty-four separate drawings, making the process extraordinarily labor-intensive.
Also called hand-drawn animation or cel animation.
- celTransparent sheet for cartoons
- hand-drawnCreated manually, not digitally
- frame-by-frameOne image at a time
- pencil testEarly animation draft review
- DisneyMajor entertainment conglomerate
Walt Disney · Golden Age · Snow White · rotoscope · frame rate · pencil · ink · paint · hand painted · flipbook · sketch · cartoon · 2D · keyframe · inbetween · clean up · acetate · storyboard
- Animation Termscels, inking, layering, keyframes, keyframing
- Don BluthAn American Tail, Anastasia, Rock-a-Doodle, Thumbelina, Petrie
traditional animationCGI
Digital movie imagery
computer animation · 3D animation · digital animation · motion capture · computer-generated imagery
traditional animationprocedural generation
Automated content creation via algorithms
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