mitochondrion
ATP production site
Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert nutrients into energy the cell can use.
Often called the "powerhouse of the cell," they have their own DNA, inherited only from the mother.
The singular is mitochondrion, though the plural form dominates: Mitochondria generate most of the cell's ATP.
Cell's energy molecule
- NADHElectron-carrying coenzyme
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- cristaeMitochondrial membrane infoldings
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
bioenergetics · inner membrane · intermembrane space · oxygen consumption · metabolic rate · energy production · powerhouse
Exterior enclosing layer
- inner membraneInnermost surrounding tissue layer
- cristaeMitochondrial membrane infoldings
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
- intermembrane spaceRegion between organelle envelopes
fission · fusion · tubular · elongated · fragmented · permeability
Genes from the mother
- haplogroupsGenetic ancestry classifications
- matrilinealDescended through maternal line
- polyploidMultiple complete chromosome sets
- ancestry tracingInvestigating one's lineage
Chemically reactive atomic fragments
- neurodegenerationProgressive loss of neurons
- agingGrowing older over time
- apoptosisProgrammed cell death
- cell deathCessation of cellular life
metabolic disorder · encephalopathy · cardiomyopathy · fatigue
ATP
Cell's energy molecule
- NADHElectron-carrying coenzyme
- cellular respirationCell-level fuel burning
- cristaeMitochondrial membrane infoldings
matrix · bioenergetics · inner membrane · intermembrane space · oxygen consumption · metabolic rate · energy production · powerhouse
outer membrane
Exterior enclosing layer
- inner membraneInnermost surrounding tissue layer
- cristaeMitochondrial membrane infoldings
- matrixOrdered numerical arrangement
intermembrane space · fission · fusion · tubular · elongated · fragmented · permeability
maternal inheritance
Genes from the mother
- haplogroupsGenetic ancestry classifications
- matrilinealDescended through maternal line
- polyploidMultiple complete chromosome sets
free radicals
Chemically reactive atomic fragments
- neurodegenerationProgressive loss of neurons
- agingGrowing older over time
- apoptosisProgrammed cell death
cell death · metabolic disorder · encephalopathy · cardiomyopathy · fatigue
endosymbiosis
Organism living within another
- coevolutionReciprocal adaptation between interacting species
- Cell Organellesribosome, ribosomes, lysosome, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum
- organelleschloroplast, nucleus, lysosome, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum
- microbe partscytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, flagellum, flagella
- protist structuresflagellum, pellicle, nucleus, contractile vacuole, cell body
mitochondrionchloroplast
Light-harvesting cell structure
ribosome · lysosome · endoplasmic reticulum · Golgi apparatus · vacuole
- mitochondrial DNAMaternally inherited organelle genome
- mitochondrial matrixInner compartment of cellular powerhouses