mental retardation
Intellectual development disorder
Mental retardation is an older clinical term for significantly below-average intellectual functioning present from childhood, now largely replaced by *intellectual disability* in medical and educational contexts.
The shift reflects efforts to reduce stigma, as *retard* and *retarded* became common insults.
The diagnosis of mental retardation required an IQ below 70.
The term persists in some legal statutes and older medical literature.
- IQ testingMeasuring cognitive abilities numerically
- IQ scoreNumerical intelligence assessment
- special educationAdapted instruction for disabilities
- short busReduced-capacity school transport
- learning disabilitiesNeurological conditions affecting acquisition
intellectual disability · special needs · disability rights movement · occupational therapy · speech therapy · developmental delay · early intervention · cognitive impairment · vocational training · sheltered workshop · developmental milestones · genetic syndromes · deinstitutionalization · group home · social integration · assistive technologies · adaptive equipment · communication disorders
- Disabilitiesblind, paralysis, vision loss, developmental disability, hearing impairment
- cognitive disordersdementia, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's disease, cognitive impairment, vascular dementia
- mental flawsstupidity, ignorance, foolishness, dullness, obtuseness
- thyroid disordershypothyroidism, goiter, thyroiditis, underactive thyroid, thyroid gland
mental retardationgenius
Person of rare brilliance
brilliance · mental acuity · sharp mind · high IQ · prodigy
mental, mentally, mentality, retardation, retard, retarded, retarding, retards, tardiness