fractionating
Splitting into portions
Fractionating is the process of separating a mixture into its component parts based on differences in their properties—typically boiling points.
The term appears most often in chemistry and petroleum refining, where crude oil is fractionated into gasoline, kerosene, and other products through distillation: The refinery fractionates crude oil into dozens of useful compounds.
Purification via vaporization
- columnVertical structural element
- refluxBackward liquid movement
- condenserDevice that liquefies gases
- volatilityRapid, unpredictable changeability
fraction · rectification · alembic · still · ethanol · spirits · whiskey · vodka
State of being apart
- partitioningDividing into sections
- componentsConstituent parts
- mixtureCombined but unbonded substances
- isolatingSetting apart from contact
subdividing · splitting · segregating · sorting · extraction · chromatography · centrifugation · precipitation
Natural underground hydrocarbon liquid
- crudeUnpolished, raw state
- hydrocarbonsCarbon-hydrogen organic compounds
- crackingBreaking without separating completely
- catalyticPromoting change unchanged
alkylation · isomerization · desulfurization · reforming · naphtha · gasoline · diesel · kerosene
Removal of contaminants
- filtrationSeparating solids from liquids
- clarificationMaking meaning plain
- decontaminationRemoving dangerous substances
- cleanFree of soil
pure · refined · concentrated · isolated · sterile · membrane · dialysis · selective
distillation
Purification via vaporization
volatility · fraction · rectification · alembic · still · ethanol · spirits · whiskey · vodka · moonshine
separation
State of being apart
- partitioningDividing into sections
- componentsConstituent parts
- mixtureCombined but unbonded substances
isolating · subdividing · splitting · segregating · sorting · extraction · chromatography · centrifugation · precipitation · decanting
petroleum
Natural underground hydrocarbon liquid
- crudeUnpolished, raw state
- hydrocarbonsCarbon-hydrogen organic compounds
- crackingBreaking without separating completely
catalytic · alkylation · isomerization · desulfurization · reforming · naphtha · gasoline · diesel · kerosene · bitumen
purification
Removal of contaminants
- filtrationSeparating solids from liquids
- clarificationMaking meaning plain
- decontaminationRemoving dangerous substances
clean · pure · refined · concentrated · isolated · sterile · membrane · dialysis · selective
fractionatingcombining
Joining multiple elements
mixing · blending · synthesizing · merging · amalgamating
fractionatinguniting
Combining into one
joining · assembling · gathering · collecting · concentrating