countersigning
Adding validating signature
Countersigning is adding a second signature to a document already signed by someone else, typically to verify authenticity or authorize a transaction.
Banks require countersigning on checks; officials countersign orders to confirm proper authorization.
The practice creates a chain of accountability: The treasurer's checks require countersigning by the board president.
Formal declaration confirming truth
- notarizationOfficial document verification
- authenticationConfirming genuine identity
- certificationAttestation of qualification
- documentationWritten proof or instructions
corroboration · confirmation · validation · seal · stamp · affidavit · sworn statement · testimony
One who attests
- approvalFavorable opinion given
- ratificationFormal approval by authority
- consentVoluntary agreement given
- sanctionApproval or punitive measure
endorsement · validation · confirmation · affirmation · agreement · assent · concurrence · backing
Binding pact between nations
- accordHarmony between parties
- pactFormal agreement between parties
- conventionAgreed standard of behavior
- protocolPrescribed conduct rules
ratification · head of state · ambassador · envoy · bilateral agreement · executive order · decree · proclamation
Written bank payment order
- checkOrder to pay
- draftPreliminary version of text
- promissory noteWritten debt obligation
- treasuryStored organizational funds
disbursement · funds transfer · bond · securities · fiduciary · escrow · guarantor · surety
attestation
Formal declaration confirming truth
- notarizationOfficial document verification
- authenticationConfirming genuine identity
- certificationAttestation of qualification
documentation · corroboration · confirmation · validation · seal · stamp · affidavit · sworn statement · testimony · proof
witness
One who attests
- approvalFavorable opinion given
- ratificationFormal approval by authority
- consentVoluntary agreement given
sanction · endorsement · validation · confirmation · affirmation · agreement · assent · concurrence · backing · support
treaty
Binding pact between nations
- accordHarmony between parties
- pactFormal agreement between parties
- conventionAgreed standard of behavior
protocol · ratification · head of state · ambassador · envoy · bilateral agreement · executive order · decree · proclamation
cheque
Written bank payment order
- checkOrder to pay
- draftPreliminary version of text
- promissory noteWritten debt obligation
treasury · disbursement · funds transfer · bond · securities · fiduciary · escrow · guarantor · surety · indemnity
- approvalsapproved, approve, authorizing, certification, endorsing