water intoxication
Too much drinking
Water intoxication is a potentially fatal condition caused by drinking excessive amounts of water, which dilutes sodium levels in the blood and causes cells to swell.
It can occur during extreme athletic events, hazing rituals, or water-drinking contests.
Symptoms range from nausea and confusion to seizures and death.
Also called water poisoning or hyponatremia.
Insufficient blood sodium levels
- overhydrationExcess bodily fluid intake
- electrolyte imbalanceAbnormal blood mineral levels
- SIADHExcess ADH causing hyponatremia
- antidiuretic hormonePituitary peptide reducing urination
Mental disorientation or bewilderment
- seizuresInvoluntary convulsions or takings
- comaUnwakeable unconsciousness
- headacheCranial pain
- nauseaPre-vomiting stomach discomfort
vomiting · disorientation · lethargy · dizziness · delirium · fatigue · muscle cramps · weakness
Excessive use of resources
- endurance sportsProlonged physical competitions testing stamina
- marathon runningExtended competitive foot race
- MDMASynthetic empathogenic stimulant
Proper mineral ion ratios
- sports drinksElectrolyte-replenishing athletic beverages
- sodium intakeAmount of salt ingested
Restoring lost body salts
- hospitalizationFormal entry into medical care
- medical emergencyUrgent life-threatening condition
- diureticsDrugs increasing urine output
- intravenousInto the vein
hyponatremia
Insufficient blood sodium levels
- overhydrationExcess bodily fluid intake
- electrolyte imbalanceAbnormal blood mineral levels
- SIADHExcess ADH causing hyponatremia
confusion
Mental disorientation or bewilderment
nausea · vomiting · disorientation · lethargy · dizziness · delirium · fatigue · muscle cramps · weakness · altered consciousness
overconsumption
Excessive use of resources
- endurance sportsProlonged physical competitions testing stamina
- marathon runningExtended competitive foot race
- MDMASynthetic empathogenic stimulant
electrolyte balance
Proper mineral ion ratios
- sports drinksElectrolyte-replenishing athletic beverages
- sodium intakeAmount of salt ingested
electrolyte replacement
Restoring lost body salts
- hospitalizationFormal entry into medical care
- medical emergencyUrgent life-threatening condition
- diureticsDrugs increasing urine output
intravenous · ICU · monitoring
- poisoningarsenic poisoning, cyanide poisoning, food poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, lead poisoning
- Fluid Imbalancesdehydrated, edema, fluid loss, fluid retention, overhydration
- hydration statesdehydrated, hydrated, overhydrated, thirsty, parched
- water emergenciesdrowning, near drowning, near-drowning, ocean rescue, sea rescue
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