vacuum distillation
Reduced-pressure liquid purification
Vacuum distillation is a method of separating liquids by lowering the pressure to reduce their boiling points.
This allows heat-sensitive compounds to be distilled without decomposition.
The technique is essential in petroleum refining, where heavy crude oil fractions are processed at reduced pressure to avoid thermal cracking: Vacuum distillation produces lubricating oils and heavy fuel oils.
- petroleum productsSubstances from crude refining
- boiling pointVaporization threshold
- vapor pressureEquilibrium gas-phase partial force
- low pressureMinimal force or urgency
- refluxBackward liquid movement
condensation · mixture · volatility · torr · residue · fractions · separation · column · purification · feedstock · cracking · tower · bottoms · refinery · petroleum · waxes · overhead · asphalt
- perfumerymusk, middle notes, vanilla, essential oils, fragrance oils
- distillationstill, pot still, distilled water, alembic, condenser
- purificationchromatography, centrifugation, filtration, electrophoresis, dialysis
- refiningrefining, cracking, desulfurization, fractionation, oil refining
- separation processesfiltration, centrifuge, sedimentation, decanting, crystallization
- vacuum processesdegassing, outgassing, roughing, bakeout, venting
vacuum distillationfiltration
Separating solids from liquids
chromatography · crystallization · centrifugation · precipitation · membrane separation
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