skepticisms
Attitudes of doubt
Skepticisms is the plural of skepticism, referring to multiple instances or varieties of doubt or questioning attitude.
Different skepticisms may target different domains: Religious and scientific skepticisms often clash, The various skepticisms about climate change range from reasonable caution to outright denial.
The plural emphasizes distinct schools of doubt rather than skepticism as a general stance.
Lack of firm belief
- inquiryRequest for information
- questioningSeeking answers through inquiry
- epistemologyTheory of knowledge
- uncertaintyState of being unsure
agnosticism · suspension · Hume · Descartes · methodology · empiricism · rationalism · foundationalism
Rejection of deities
- agnosticismDoubt about divine existence
- secularismSeparation of faith, state
- freethoughtReason-based belief formation
- rationalismReason as knowledge source
humanism · naturalism · irreligion · apostasy · heresy · unbelief · deism · materialism
Unproven secret plot beliefs
- misinformationFalse data spread unintentionally
- distrustAbsence of confidence
- cynicismDistrust of human sincerity
- suspicionSense of unease about motives
wariness · incredulity · media literacy · fact-checking · anti-establishment · counternarrative · questioning authority · disinformation
Expert evaluation before publication
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
- falsifiabilitySusceptibility to disproof
- evidenceFacts supporting truth
- hypothesisTestable proposed explanation
methodology · verification · reproducibility · data analysis · null hypothesis · statistical significance · objectivity · scrutiny
Refusal to accept reality
- contrarianismOpposing prevailing views systematically
- scientific consensusPrevailing expert judgment
- disinformationIntentional deceptive falsehoods
- cherry-pickingChoosing only supporting examples
fossil fuel industry · think tanks · denialist · corporate influence · misinformation campaigns · false balance · astroturfing
doubt
Lack of firm belief
- inquiryRequest for information
- questioningSeeking answers through inquiry
- epistemologyTheory of knowledge
uncertainty · agnosticism · suspension · Hume · Descartes · methodology · empiricism · rationalism · foundationalism · incredulity
atheism
Rejection of deities
- agnosticismDoubt about divine existence
- secularismSeparation of faith, state
- freethoughtReason-based belief formation
rationalism · humanism · naturalism · irreligion · apostasy · heresy · unbelief · deism · materialism · doubt
conspiracy theories
Unproven secret plot beliefs
- misinformationFalse data spread unintentionally
- distrustAbsence of confidence
- cynicismDistrust of human sincerity
suspicion · wariness · incredulity · media literacy · fact-checking · anti-establishment · counternarrative · questioning authority · disinformation · fake news
peer review
Expert evaluation before publication
- replicationAct of duplicating precisely
- falsifiabilitySusceptibility to disproof
- evidenceFacts supporting truth
hypothesis · methodology · verification · reproducibility · data analysis · null hypothesis · statistical significance · objectivity · scrutiny · rigor
denial
Refusal to accept reality
- contrarianismOpposing prevailing views systematically
- scientific consensusPrevailing expert judgment
- disinformationIntentional deceptive falsehoods
fossil fuel industry · cherry-picking · think tanks · denialist · corporate influence · misinformation campaigns · false balance · astroturfing
skepticismscertainties
Assured truths
faiths · credulities · convictions · beliefs · certitudes
skepticismscredulousness
Readiness to accept claims
open-mindedness · receptiveness · suggestibility · susceptibility · enthusiasms
skepticismsdogmatisms
Arrogantly asserted opinions
orthodoxies · pieties · fundamentalisms · conformities · traditionalisms
- climate skepticismDoubt about atmospheric science
- scientific skepticismEvidence-demanding epistemological stance