last name
Shared by siblings
A last name is the family name shared by relatives, as distinguished from the given or first name that identifies individuals within a family.
In most Western cultures, children inherit their father's last name, and women traditionally adopt their husband's last name upon marriage.
Also called surname or family name.
Familial group designation
- maiden nameSurname before marriage
- married nameSurname acquired through matrimony
- birth nameIdentity assigned at delivery
- bloodlineAncestry through generations
dynasty · house · descent · genealogy · family tree · pedigree · forebears · ancestors
Official designation on records
- identificationEstablishing who someone is
- signatureHandwritten name for verification
- monikerInformal designation for someone
- aliasAdopted false name
pseudonym · pen name · stage name · married name · name change · naturalization · immigration records · census records
Study of family descent
- ancestryFamily line of descent
- family historyRecord of ancestors
- recordsStored data or albums
- archivesStored historical documents
census · vital records · DNA testing · genetic genealogy · parish records · ship manifests · naturalization papers · coat of arms
Shared cultural heritage group
- nationalityLegal belonging to country
- originStarting point or source
- homelandOne's native land
- diasporaScattered population sharing origins
migration · immigration · customs · traditions · naming conventions · clan · tribe · caste
Source of a term
- meaningWhat something signifies
- linguistic rootsOriginal word forms
- derivationSource or origin tracing
- occupational nameSurname indicating ancestral profession
nickname origin · cognate · variant · anglicization · translation · prefix · suffix · particle
clan name
Familial group designation
- maiden nameSurname before marriage
- married nameSurname acquired through matrimony
- birth nameIdentity assigned at delivery
bloodline · dynasty · house · descent · genealogy · family tree · pedigree · forebears · ancestors · progenitors
legal name
Official designation on records
- identificationEstablishing who someone is
- signatureHandwritten name for verification
- monikerInformal designation for someone
alias · pseudonym · pen name · stage name · married name · name change · naturalization · immigration records · census records · vital records
genealogy
Study of family descent
- ancestryFamily line of descent
- family historyRecord of ancestors
- recordsStored data or albums
archives · census · vital records · DNA testing · genetic genealogy · parish records · ship manifests · naturalization papers · coat of arms · heraldry
ethnicity
Shared cultural heritage group
- nationalityLegal belonging to country
- originStarting point or source
- homelandOne's native land
diaspora · migration · immigration · customs · traditions · naming conventions · clan · tribe · caste · language
word origin
Source of a term
- meaningWhat something signifies
- linguistic rootsOriginal word forms
- derivationSource or origin tracing
occupational name · nickname origin · cognate · variant · anglicization · translation · prefix · suffix · particle · eponymous
- namesgiven names, first names, names, surnames, nicknames
- personal datafull name, date of birth, DOB, birthday, birthdate
- business cardsbusiness card, contact card, name, phone number, email
- name termsnickname, maiden name, pseudonym, alias, moniker
- proper nounscity, country, places, continent, countries
- accountaccount, login, profile, username, logout
last namefirst name
Personal name, not surname
given name · forename · Christian name · personal name · birth name
surname, patronymic, family name, first name, cognomen, given name, last names, matronymic, middle name