civil-law
Non-criminal legal system
Civil law is the body of law governing private disputes between individuals or organizations—contracts, property, family matters, torts—as distinguished from criminal law, which addresses offenses against the state.
The term also refers to legal systems derived from Roman law, used throughout continental Europe and much of the world, as opposed to common-law systems based on judicial precedent.
Enforceable written agreement
- tortActionable civil harm
- propertySomething owned or inherent
- inheritanceProperty received from ancestors
- obligationsRequired responsibilities
succession · marriage · divorce · custody · estate · liability · damages · ownership
Organizing rules into system
- jurisdictionLegal authority's scope
- statuteEnacted written rule
- legislationOfficial enactment of statutes
- continentalOf a continent
inquisitorial · judge · court · France · Germany · Louisiana · Quebec · jurisprudence
Civil court proceeding
- plaintiffCivil case initiator
- defendantParty facing charges
- damagesCompensation for injury
- negligenceFailure to exercise care
breach · remedy · compensation · injunction · litigation · tribunal · arbitration · mediation
contract
Enforceable written agreement
- tortActionable civil harm
- propertySomething owned or inherent
- inheritanceProperty received from ancestors
obligations · succession · marriage · divorce · custody · estate · liability · damages · ownership · deed
codification
Organizing rules into system
- jurisdictionLegal authority's scope
- statuteEnacted written rule
- legislationOfficial enactment of statutes
continental · inquisitorial · judge · court · France · Germany · Louisiana · Quebec · jurisprudence · precedent
lawsuit
Civil court proceeding
negligence · breach · remedy · compensation · injunction · litigation · tribunal · arbitration · mediation · judgment