central banking
Federal Reserve's role
Central banking refers to the system in which a government-designated institution manages a nation's money supply, sets interest rates, and oversees the stability of the financial system.
A central bank, such as the Federal Reserve in the United States or the Bank of England, acts as a lender of last resort to commercial banks and typically has authority to issue currency.
Central banking policy profoundly influences inflation, employment, and economic growth.
The debate over central banking independence has intensified during the financial crisis.
- interest ratesPrice paid for borrowing
- inflation controlPolicies limiting price increases
- fiat moneyLegal tender by decree
- money supplyTotal currency in circulation
- balance sheetAssets-liabilities-equity report
quantitative easing · printing money · money printer · easy money · lender of last resort · too big to fail · stress testing · monetary policy · systemic risk · financial stability · legal tender · economic forecasting · discount rate · crisis intervention · digital currency · treasury · tightening · liquidity
- economic policymonetary policy, tax policy, fiscal discipline, fiscal stimulus, fiscal restraint
- US bankingFDIC, Fed, national banks, Federal Reserve, Glass-Steagall
- banking termsaccount number, routing number, balance, FDIC, credit check
- early bankingmoney changers, moneylenders, moneylending, money lending, loans
- European Economieseconomic growth, economic reform, market economy, economic miracle, economic integration
- financial reformtax reform, budget reform, pension reform, market reform, currency reform
central bankingcommercial banking
Banking for public customers
retail banking · private banking · investment banking · shadow banking · community banking
central bankingcryptocurrency
Encrypted decentralized money
Bitcoin · gold standard · barter · dollarization · barter system
central bankingAustrian economics
Subjectivist, individualist economic tradition
hard money · laissez-faire economics · laissez-faire · anarcho-capitalism · gold bugs