Frederick Barbarossa
Frederick Barbarossa was a Holy Roman Emperor who ruled from 1155 to 1190, known for his red beard (Barbarossa means "red beard" in Italian).
He led the Third Crusade and drowned crossing a river in Anatolia.
His name became legendary in German folklore, where he supposedly sleeps beneath a mountain, waiting to restore Germany to greatness.
- CharlemagneEarly medieval Western unifier
- Third CrusadeLate twelfth-century holy war
- German folkloreTraditional tales from Deutschland
- FeudalismMedieval land-for-loyalty system
- crownSovereign's ornamental headpiece
Holy Roman Empire · Holy Roman Emperor · imperial crown · beard · medieval chronicles · sleeping · river · historical myths · legend · coronation · excommunication · national identity · German unification · imperial authority · Lombardy · siege warfare · pope · epic poetry
- HohenstaufenHenry VI
- 12th CenturyThird Crusade, Richard the Lionheart, Saladin, Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry II
- European MonarchsCharlemagne, Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Franz Joseph I
- Holy Roman EmpireHoly Roman Empire, emperors, electors, prince-electors, Charlemagne
- Medieval FiguresGenghis Khan, Joan of Arc, Marco Polo, William the Conqueror, Dante
- Medieval GermanyHoly Roman Empire, Charlemagne, Franconia, guild system, Swabia
Frederick Barbarossapapal supremacy
Pope's highest ecclesiastical authority
Frederick BarbarossaRichard the Lionheart
Plantagenet crusader king
Frederick BarbarossaMilan
Lombardy's capital city