upcurrents
Warm air ascending
Upcurrents are currents of air or water moving upward.
Birds and gliders ride thermal upcurrents to gain altitude without expending energy.
In oceanography, upcurrents bring cold, nutrient-rich water from the depths toward the surface.
Hawks circled lazily on the upcurrents rising from the sun-warmed cliffs.
Fluid's upward resistance
- convectionHeat transfer via motion
- turbulenceChaotic flow patterns
- laminar flowSmooth, parallel fluid motion
- eddyCircular counter-current
streamlines · lift · drag · Bernoulli's principle · pressure gradient · boundary layer · flow rate · momentum
Pertaining to warmth
- updraftUpward air movement
- soaringRising effortlessly upward
- glidingEngineless aerial movement
- convectionHeat transfer via motion
cumulus · ridge lift · sailplane · paragliding · hang gliding · birds of prey · cloud base · warm air
Deep water rising surfaceward
- thermoclineRapid temperature-change layer
- nutrient-richContaining abundant nourishment
- phytoplanktonPhotosynthetic aquatic drifters
- fisheriesFish-harvesting operations
deep water · continental shelf · zooplankton · chlorophyll · biomass · ocean circulation · marine ecosystem · gyres
buoyancy
Fluid's upward resistance
- convectionHeat transfer via motion
- turbulenceChaotic flow patterns
- laminar flowSmooth, parallel fluid motion
eddy · streamlines · lift · drag · Bernoulli's principle · pressure gradient · boundary layer · flow rate · momentum · viscosity
thermal
Pertaining to warmth
convection · cumulus · ridge lift · sailplane · paragliding · hang gliding · birds of prey · cloud base · warm air · vertical lift
upwelling
Deep water rising surfaceward
- thermoclineRapid temperature-change layer
- nutrient-richContaining abundant nourishment
- phytoplanktonPhotosynthetic aquatic drifters
fisheries · deep water · continental shelf · zooplankton · chlorophyll · biomass · ocean circulation · marine ecosystem · gyres · pelagic
rising
Act of ascending
elevation · climb · upswing · skyward · drift · float · circulation