oral testimony

Witness's verbal statement

Oral testimony is evidence given by speaking rather than through documents or physical evidence.

In legal contexts, witnesses provide oral testimony under oath: The case relied heavily on oral testimony from eyewitnesses.

The phrase emphasizes the spoken nature of the account, distinguishing it from written statements or depositions.

Opposites
medium of communication

oral testimonywritten testimony

Sworn statement in document form

written statement · documentary evidence · affidavit · written record · textual evidence

directness of evidence

oral testimonyphysical evidence

Tangible items proving facts

material evidence · forensic evidence · documentary evidence · circumstantial evidence · photographic evidence

formality and legal weight

oral testimonyhearsay

Unverified secondhand information

rumor · gossip · anonymous tip · secondhand account

Family

oral, testimony

Familiarity
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