counterplans
Plans against plans
Counterplans are alternative proposals offered in response to an existing plan.
In policy debate, a counterplan is a strategy where the negative team accepts that a problem exists but argues their solution is superior to the affirmative's proposal.
More broadly, any backup or alternative course of action: We need counterplans in case the merger falls through.
Expressing agreement or consent
- negationDenial or cancellation
- rebuttalFormal response disputing claims
- cross-examinationOpposing party questions witness
- policyAdopted principle of action
arguments · framework · case · contention · evidence · flowing · judge · parliamentary
Replacement for another
- replacementWhat takes another's place
- optionAvailable course of action
- fallbackAlternative if primary fails
- backupStored duplicate for recovery
contingency · workaround · pivot · revision · modification · adjustment · amendment · variation
Methods to achieve goals
- approachWay of handling something
- methodologyFormal procedural framework
- schemeCalculated strategy, often secretive
- frameworkUnderlying support system
positioning · maneuver · response · reframing · preemption · anticipation · leverage · negotiation
affirmative
Expressing agreement or consent
- negationDenial or cancellation
- rebuttalFormal response disputing claims
- cross-examinationOpposing party questions witness
policy · arguments · framework · case · contention · evidence · flowing · judge · parliamentary · resolution
substitute
Replacement for another
- replacementWhat takes another's place
- optionAvailable course of action
- fallbackAlternative if primary fails
backup · contingency · workaround · pivot · revision · modification · adjustment · amendment · variation · secondary
tactics
Methods to achieve goals
- approachWay of handling something
- methodologyFormal procedural framework
- schemeCalculated strategy, often secretive
framework · positioning · maneuver · response · reframing · preemption · anticipation · leverage · negotiation · opposition
counterplansendorsements
Formal declarations of support
acceptances · affirmations · approvals · concurrences · ratifications