Gram-negative
Loses violet dye
Gram-negative describes bacteria that don't retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining test, instead appearing pink or red under a microscope.
The classification reflects cell wall structure—Gram-negative bacteria have a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane, making them generally more resistant to antibiotics than Gram-positive bacteria.
The infection was caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
Bacterial wall toxin
- innate immunityInherited pathogen defense system
- macrophageEngulfing immune cell
- neutrophilMulti-lobed immune cell
- cytokine stormExcessive immune signaling crisis
Dangerous inflammatory infection response
- urinary tract infectionBacterial bladder invasion
- pneumoniaInfected, inflamed lung tissue
- meningitisMembrane inflammation around brain
- bacteremiaPathogens present in bloodstream
peritonitis · wound infection · cholera · typhoid · dysentery · gastroenteritis · cellulitis · abscess
Microbes surviving intended killers
- fluoroquinolonesSynthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobials
- cephalosporinsClass of antimicrobial drugs
Secondary microscopy dye
- iodineAntiseptic element, atomic fifty-three
- mordantCuttingly critical in expression
- decolorizerSubstance that removes pigment
endotoxin
Bacterial wall toxin
- innate immunityInherited pathogen defense system
- macrophageEngulfing immune cell
- neutrophilMulti-lobed immune cell
cytokine storm · inflammation · septic shock · fever · phagocytosis
outer membrane
Exterior enclosing layer
- cell wallRigid cellular outer layer
sepsis
Dangerous inflammatory infection response
- urinary tract infectionBacterial bladder invasion
- pneumoniaInfected, inflamed lung tissue
- meningitisMembrane inflammation around brain
bacteremia · peritonitis · wound infection · cholera · typhoid · dysentery · gastroenteritis · cellulitis · abscess
Salmonella
Rod-shaped food-poisoning bacterium
- ProteusProphetic, transforming sea god
antibiotic resistance
Microbes surviving intended killers
- fluoroquinolonesSynthetic broad-spectrum antimicrobials
- cephalosporinsClass of antimicrobial drugs
counterstain
Secondary microscopy dye
- iodineAntiseptic element, atomic fifty-three
- mordantCuttingly critical in expression
- decolorizerSubstance that removes pigment
- staining traitseosinophilic, polychromatic, Gram-positive, counterstain, progressive
- PeptidoglycanN-acetylglucosamine, pentapeptide, cross-links, sacculus, cross-linking