endotoxin
Gram-negative membrane component
Endotoxin is a toxic substance that forms part of certain bacterial cell walls and is released when the bacteria die or break apart.
Unlike exotoxins, which bacteria secrete while alive, endotoxins remain bound within the cell until its destruction.
They trigger fever, inflammation, and in severe cases, septic shock: The patient's symptoms suggested endotoxin exposure from the infection.
Elevated body temperature
- pyrexiaElevated body temperature
- pyrogenFever-causing substance
- pyrogenicProducing fever or heat
- febrileHaving a fever
chills · rigors · hyperthermia
Dangerous inflammatory infection response
- septicemiaInfection spreading through bloodstream
- bacteremiaPathogens present in bloodstream
- toxemiaPoisoned blood condition
- hypotensionAbnormally reduced arterial pressure
Rod-shaped food-poisoning bacterium
- PseudomonasBacterial genus, often pathogenic
- hydrophobicRepels aqueous substances
Inducing inflammatory response
- monocytesCirculating immune phagocytes
- neutrophilsPathogen-engulfing white blood cells
- leukocytesImmune cells in blood
- phagocytosisCellular ingestion of particles
Introduction of impurities
- sterilizationComplete elimination of microbes
- dialysisMechanical blood filtration
- parenteralNot via alimentary canal
- intravenousInto the vein
fever
Elevated body temperature
febrile · chills · rigors · hyperthermia
sepsis
Dangerous inflammatory infection response
- septicemiaInfection spreading through bloodstream
- bacteremiaPathogens present in bloodstream
- toxemiaPoisoned blood condition
Salmonella
Rod-shaped food-poisoning bacterium
- PseudomonasBacterial genus, often pathogenic
- hydrophobicRepels aqueous substances
proinflammatory
Inducing inflammatory response
- monocytesCirculating immune phagocytes
- neutrophilsPathogen-engulfing white blood cells
- leukocytesImmune cells in blood
contamination
Introduction of impurities
- sterilizationComplete elimination of microbes
- dialysisMechanical blood filtration
- parenteralNot via alimentary canal
endotoxinantitoxin
Toxin-neutralizing antibody
antidote · probiotic · detoxifier · beneficial bacteria · medicine