squadrismo
Organized political violence
Squadrismo refers to the organized political violence of the Fascist squads (*squadre d'azione*) in Italy during the early 1920s.
These paramilitary groups, known as Blackshirts, attacked socialists, labor organizers, and political opponents through beatings, forced castor oil, and property destruction.
The term now describes any systematic political intimidation by organized thugs: The opposition accused the ruling party of squadrismo tactics.
Fascist paramilitary members
- fascismUltranationalist dictatorial political system
- MussoliniItalian fascist premier
- violenceHarmful physical force
- paramilitarismOrganized armed civilian forces
Italy · 1920s · castor oil · intimidation · strikebreaking · agrarian · Po Valley · antisocialism
Concentrated, unchecked governmental power
- antiliberalismOpposition to liberal ideology
- anticommunismOpposition to collectivist ideology
- nationalismDevotion to one's country
- reactionResponse to stimulus
counterrevolution · militia · political violence · suppression · coercion · one-party · totalitarianism · extralegal
blackshirts
Fascist paramilitary members
- fascismUltranationalist dictatorial political system
- MussoliniItalian fascist premier
- violenceHarmful physical force
paramilitarism · Italy · 1920s · castor oil · intimidation · strikebreaking · agrarian · Po Valley · antisocialism · syndicalism
authoritarianism
Concentrated, unchecked governmental power
- antiliberalismOpposition to liberal ideology
- anticommunismOpposition to collectivist ideology
- nationalismDevotion to one's country
reaction · counterrevolution · militia · political violence · suppression · coercion · one-party · totalitarianism · extralegal · strongman
intimidation
Deliberate fear-inducing pressure
attacks · coercion · thuggery · terror · vandalism · assault · humiliation · destruction · targeting · purging
- Fascist ItalyMussolini, fascism, Blackshirts, March on Rome, fascist regime
squadrismononviolent resistance
Protest through peaceful means
pacifism · civil disobedience · peaceful protest · democratic participation · electoral politics
squadrismorule of law
Supremacy of established laws
civil order · due process · legal authority · public safety · law enforcement
squadrismotrade unionism
Organized worker advocacy system
labor organizing · collective bargaining · workers' solidarity · syndicalism · labor movement