solid-state devices
No moving parts
Solid-state devices are electronic components that use semiconductors rather than vacuum tubes or moving parts.
Transistors, diodes, and integrated circuits are solid-state—electrons flow through solid crystalline material like silicon.
The term emerged mid-20th century as transistor technology replaced bulky, fragile vacuum tubes: solid-state amplifiers, solid-state drives.
The "solid" distinguishes them from devices relying on gases, liquids, or mechanical motion.
Semiconductor signal switch
- diodeOne-way semiconductor
- integrated circuitMiniaturized semiconductor electronics package
- microchipMiniature semiconductor processor
- LEDSemiconductor that glows
capacitor · resistor · sensor · microcontroller · memory chip · logic gate · oscillator · rectifier
Metalloid in electronics
- germaniumAtomic number thirty-two
- dopingProhibited athletic drug use
- waferThin crisp disk
- carrierOne that transports
substrate · diffusion · lithography · cleanroom · foundry · fabrication
Consistently performing as expected
- shock-resistantAble to endure impacts
- maintenance-freeNeeding no regular servicing
- long-lastingPersisting over extended time
- ruggedTough and uneven
stable · robust · weatherproof · fail-safe · tamper-resistant · hermetically sealed · corrosion-resistant
Reduced to tiny size
- compactTightly packed together
- lightweightLacking mass or importance
- slimThin or meager
- portableAble to be carried
space-saving · surface-mount · embedded · modular · stackable · low-profile · handheld · wearable
transistor
Semiconductor signal switch
- diodeOne-way semiconductor
- integrated circuitMiniaturized semiconductor electronics package
- microchipMiniature semiconductor processor
LED · capacitor · resistor · sensor · microcontroller · memory chip · logic gate · oscillator · rectifier · amplifier
silicon
Metalloid in electronics
carrier · substrate · diffusion · lithography · cleanroom · foundry · fabrication
reliable
Consistently performing as expected
- shock-resistantAble to endure impacts
- maintenance-freeNeeding no regular servicing
- long-lastingPersisting over extended time
rugged · stable · robust · weatherproof · fail-safe · tamper-resistant · hermetically sealed · corrosion-resistant
miniaturized
Reduced to tiny size
- compactTightly packed together
- lightweightLacking mass or importance
- slimThin or meager
portable · space-saving · surface-mount · embedded · modular · stackable · low-profile · handheld · wearable
solid-state deviceshard disk drives
Magnetic computer storage units
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