legal motions

Formal courtroom petitions

Legal motions are formal requests made to a court asking the judge to issue a ruling or order.

Lawyers file motions throughout litigation—to dismiss a case, exclude evidence, compel discovery, or grant summary judgment.

A motion typically includes written arguments and may require oral argument before the judge decides: The defense filed a motion to suppress the confession.

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procedural vs. substantive court actions

legal motionsverdict

Official court decision

judgment · ruling · final judgment · court order · decision

written procedural requests vs. oral testimony

legal motionstestimony

Sworn statement as evidence

witness testimony · witness statements · courtroom testimony · oral argument · depositions

formal legal action vs. informal resolution

legal motionsout-of-court settlement

Resolution bypassing formal litigation

settlement · mediation · negotiation · arbitration · plea bargain

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