hanging chads
Incompletely punched holes
Hanging chads are incompletely punched pieces of paper still attached to a ballot, famously at issue in the disputed 2000 U.S. presidential election.
Punch-card voting required voters to push a stylus through the ballot, detaching a small rectangle called a chad.
When chads remained attached—hanging by one or more corners—machines couldn't reliably read the vote: Election officials examined ballots for hanging chads.
- voteFormal choice expression
- hand countCounting done manually
- ballotVoting document
- recountsNarrates or re-tallies
- too close to callUndecidable by current count
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