failed states

Countries without control

Failed states are nations whose governments can no longer perform basic functions—maintaining order, providing services, or controlling territory.

The term emerged in political science to describe countries like Somalia or Afghanistan where central authority has collapsed, leaving power vacuums filled by warlords, militias, or criminal networks.

The humanitarian crisis deepened as the failed state could no longer protect its borders.

Opposites
state capacity and effectiveness

failed statesSingapore

Southeast Asian city-state

Switzerland · Denmark · Norway · Canada · Japan

international standing and legitimacy

failed statesgreat powers

Internationally dominant nation-states

superpowers

developmental success

failed statesdeveloped countries

High-income industrialized states

Family

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