water density
Liquid's mass concentration
Water density is the mass of water per unit volume, a fundamental property in physics and engineering.
Pure water reaches maximum density at about 4°C (39°F), which is why ice floats—frozen water is less dense than liquid water just above freezing.
Density varies with temperature, salinity, and pressure: The water density in the Dead Sea is so high that swimmers float effortlessly.
- hydrometersLiquid density measuring instruments
- buoyancyFluid's upward resistance
- salinityDissolved mineral concentration
- specific gravityDensity ratio versus reference
- brineWater saturated with sodium
ice formation · pressure · stratification · dissolved oxygen · freezing point · viscosity · mass · compressibility · temperature · thermal expansion · sink · volume · heat capacity · ocean currents · deep ocean · phase change · pH · mineral content