physiological effects
Biological bodily reactions
Physiological effects are the changes that occur in the body's biological systems in response to a substance, stimulus, or condition.
When a drug produces physiological effects, it alters functions like heart rate, blood pressure, breathing, or hormone levels.
The term appears frequently in medical and scientific contexts to distinguish bodily responses from psychological ones: The physiological effects of caffeine include increased alertness and elevated heart rate.
Understanding these effects helps predict how treatments, toxins, or environmental factors will impact physical health.
- temperature regulationControlling heat levels
- physical fitnessBody's capacity for exertion
- stress responseBody's reaction to threat
- fight or flightThreat-triggered physiological state
- cold sweatsStress-triggered perspiration with chills
gene expression · inflammation · neurotransmitters · toxicity · absorption · hormones · metabolic disorders · drug resistance · biochemical pathways · circadian rhythms · sleep cycles · jet lag · second wind · cell damage · epigenetics · UV radiation · altitude adaptation · immune response
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