papal indulgences

Church-sold forgiveness certificates

Papal indulgences are remissions of punishment for sins, granted by the Catholic Church under the pope's authority.

In medieval practice, indulgences could reduce time in purgatory for oneself or deceased relatives.

The sale of indulgences—essentially buying forgiveness—became a notorious abuse that helped spark the Protestant Reformation.

The Church still grants indulgences, though not for money: She earned a plenary indulgence by making a pilgrimage to Rome.

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Reformation · prayer · good works · pilgrimage · corruption · Council of Trent · salvation · bishop · absolution · Martin Luther · 95 Theses · penance · coin · exploitation · seal · almsgiving · heresy · theological debate

Opposites
theological mechanism of salvation

papal indulgencesdivine mercy

Godly forgiveness toward humanity

faith alone

ecclesiastical authority

papal indulgencesProtestant Reformation

Religious movement splitting Christianity

iconoclasm · disestablishment · anti-clericalism

spiritual consequence

papal indulgencesdamnation

Eternal punishment decree

excommunication · anathema · mortal sin · purgatory · interdict

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