literary movements

Literary movements are shared tendencies in style, subject, or philosophy among writers of a particular era or region.

Romanticism, realism, modernism, and postmodernism are major examples.

The term implies conscious affiliation or retrospective grouping by critics: The Beat Generation was a literary movement centered in 1950s San Francisco and New York.

Writers within a movement often publish manifestos, frequent the same circles, or react against the same predecessors.